Abstract: Under two treatments of temperature i. e. high temperature (day/night: 33℃ /29℃ ) and proper temperature (day/night: 26℃ /22℃ ) in growth chamber, grain weight, water content, starch, soluble sugar and protein content and Q enzymes, starch phosphorylase, proteinase, peroxidase in endosperm during grain filling were continuously measured in early indica rice Luhongzao 1 (more chalkiness ) and Zhongyouzao 3 (less chalkiness ).With high temperature treatment, peaks of materials synthesis (or transformation) and enzyme activity in endosperm were earlier than those of proper temperature treatment. It affected the sequence and pattern of changes of materials and enzymes in endosperm during normal grain filling, and resulted in rice chalkiness increasing.

Key words: chalkiness, endosperm, enzyme activity, grain filling

摘要： 以早籼品种中优早3号(少垩白)和泸红早1号(多垩白)为材料进行盆钵土培试验。在人工气候箱的设置两种温度处理（高温：昼/夜，33℃/29℃；适温：昼/夜，26℃/22℃）。结果表明温度对稻米垩白形成的显著影响，而且不同垩白的水稻品种在高温、适温条件下胚乳物质及酶类活性等的表现差异。少垩白的中优早3号通过高温和适温的同期比较处理，可以明显看到胚乳内部物质、相关酶活性及垩白度变化的温度处理效应，表明外部的高温条件影响了胚乳内部的生理生化状态及垩白的形成过程；而多垩白的泸红早1号的高温、适温处理差异相对较小。由此说明，少垩白的的品种更易受高温影响。

关键词: 垩白, 胚乳, 灌浆, 酶活性