Abstract: A core collection from China traditional japonica rice(Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) germplasm was developed using 16 791 accessions in“Catalog of China Rice Germplasm”.Twelve methods to be developed for core collections were compared by range, variance and coefficient of variation to the entire collection based on eight catalogue traits. The methods included completely random sampling, random sampling under ecotype catalogued by Ting’s taxonomic system, and hierarchical cluster sampling, combined with sample sizes of 12.5%, 10%, 7.5% and 5%. The result showed that the core collection assembled by cluster analysis under ecotype could better represent the entire collection. The core collection with 5% sample size sampling by cluster analysis was judged sufficient to represent the China traditional japonica rice germplasm.

Key words: Oryza sativa, japonica rice, germplasm collection, core collection, methodology

摘要： 以《中国稻种资源目录》中的16 791份中国粳稻地方种为材料，根据完全随机、变种类型（丁颖分类法）下随机和系统聚类3种取样方法和4种核心样品规模（12.5%、10%、7.5%和5%）设计12个核心样品，以8个编目性状的平均数变幅、方差和变异系数加以评价。结果表明：（1）变种类型下系统聚类取样方法是构建中国粳稻地方种资源核心样品的适宜方法；（2）样品规模5%的核心样品可以有效地代表中国粳稻地方种资源的总体样品。

关键词: 水稻, 粳稻, 种质资源, 核心样品, 方法