Chinese Journal OF Rice Science ›› 2015, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 45-55.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2015.01.006

• Orginal Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Ordered Transplanting and Optimized Broadcasting on the Culm Lodging Resistance of Super Rice

Bao-wei GUO1, Da-wei ZHU1, Ke XU1, Hong-cheng ZHANG1,*(), Xing-tao ZHOU1,2, Cong-cong ZHU1, Li-qiang CAO1, Hou-cun CHEN3, Jing-du CHEN1,4, Qi-gen DAI1, Zhong-yang HUO1, Hai-yan WEI1, Ming-yin LI1   

  1. 1Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China
    2Yangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yangzhou 225000, China
    3Crop Cultural Station, Haian County, Haian 226600, China
    4Yangzhou Agricultural Products Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Yangzhou 225000, China
  • Received:2014-02-23 Revised:2014-05-21 Online:2015-01-10 Published:2015-01-10
  • Contact: Hong-cheng ZHANG

有序摆抛栽对超级稻植株抗倒伏能力的影响

郭保卫1, 朱大伟1, 许轲1, 张洪程1,*(), 周兴涛1,2, 朱聪聪1, 曹利强1, 陈厚存3, 陈京都1,4, 戴其根1, 霍中洋1, 魏海燕1, 李明银1   

  1. 1扬州大学 农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室, 江苏 扬州 225009
    2扬州市农业技术推广站, 江苏 扬州 225000
    3海安县作物栽培技术指导站, 江苏 海安 226600
    4扬州市农产品质量监督检测中心, 江苏 扬州 225000
  • 通讯作者: 张洪程
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD16B03);农业部行业专项;公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金资助项目[CX(12)1003]

Abstract:

The lodging resistance of rice under ordered transplanting (OT), optimized broadcasting (OB) and cast transplanting (CT) was compared with that under mechanical transplanting (MT) based on culm breaking resistance, culm diameter, internodes length, culm wall thickness, dry weight, etc by using super rice wuyunjing 24 and nanjing 44. The results are as follows: 1) The lodging resistance significantly differed under different transplanting patterns. The breaking force (BF), bending moment (BM) and lodging resistance among different transplanting treatments were OT>OB>CT, MT. There were no significant differences in lodging index(LI) of the 1st basal internodes for 3-hole, 2-hole and single-hole seedlings while the lodging resistance of 2-hole and 3-hole rice was higher than that of single-hole rice for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th basal internodes. 2) Ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting resulted in slightly lower ratio of gravity center height to plant height, heavier dry weight of leaf and sheath and single panicle weight, especially for 2-hole and 3-hole cultivated rice. And culm diameter, culm wall thickness, dry weight of culm, dry weight per unit internode under different transplanting treatments followed a trend of OB>OT>CT and 2-hole>3-hole>single-hole. While internode length of the basal 2nd, 3rd, 4th internodes showed a trend of OB<OT<CT and 2-hole<3-hole<single-hole. 2-hole and 3-hole ordered transplanting plants have strong lodging resistance with strong stem, short basal internode length, thick culm wall, heavy dry weight per unit internode and big breaking force and it will be a new type of simplified cultivation for high yield and super high yield.

Key words: super rice, ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting, 2-hole, 3-hole, culm, lodging resistance

摘要:

以粳型超级稻武运粳24和南粳44为试材,设置摆栽、点抛和撒抛三种抛栽方式,并以机插为对照,从茎秆抗折力、茎秆壁厚、节间长度、粗度、干质量等方面系统研究了有序摆抛稻的茎秆特性及其抗倒伏能力,结果如下:1)超级稻不同抛栽方式间抗倒伏能力差异显著,茎秆倒伏指数不同抛栽方式间表现为摆栽<点抛<撒抛、机插,基部节间抗折力、弯曲力矩和抗倒伏能力均表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插。就各抛栽方式下不同连孔处理而言,基部N1节间倒伏指数差异不显著,N2、N3、N4抗倒伏能力表现为2连孔、3连孔>单孔。2)有序摆抛栽水稻相对重心高度稍低,成熟期茎鞘干物质量大,单穗干质量大,尤其2连孔和3连孔植株优势明显。不同抛栽方式间基部节间粗度、壁厚、节间质量和单位干质量表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛,不同连孔处理间为2连孔>3连孔>单孔。除基部第1节间外,节间长度在抛栽方式间表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛的趋势,不同连孔节间表现为2连孔、3连孔<单孔的趋势。2连孔、3连孔钵苗有序摆抛在高产条件下稻株茎秆粗壮,节间短粗,节间壁厚,茎秆单位节间重,基部节间抗折力大,抗倒伏能力强,是一种利于提高水稻抗倒能力的新型水稻轻简高产栽培方式。

关键词: 超级稻, 有序摆抛, 2连孔, 3连孔, 茎秆, 抗倒伏

CLC Number: