基于M1TDS靶向筛选技术的重离子束诱变定向改良杂交水稻卓两优1126性状的研究
收稿日期: 2024-01-09
修回日期: 2024-04-17
网络出版日期: 2025-09-10
基金资助
长沙市“揭榜挂帅”重大科技攻关项目(kq2301001);现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-01-01);湖南省 2023 年度十大技术攻关项目(2023NK1010)
Directed Improvement of Hybrid Rice Zhuoliangyou 1126 by Heavy Ion Beam Mutagenesis Based on M1TDS Targeted Screening Technology
Received date: 2024-01-09
Revised date: 2024-04-17
Online published: 2025-09-10
【目的】以两系杂交水稻卓两优1126为“底盘品种”，快速创制具有镉低积累、香味、耐储藏、耐淹、低升糖指数等性状的改良品种。【方法】12C6+碳离子束诱变卓两优1126亲本卓234S和湘农恢1126，利用M1TDS技术从诱变M1群体中鉴定OsNRAMP5、OsBADH2、OsLOX3、OsPAO5、OsSSIIIa和OsBEIIb基因嵌合突变株，通过KASP分型从诱变M2群体中鉴定分离目标基因纯合(杂合)突变株，利用OsNRAMP5突变亲本配制OsNRAMP5突变组合。【结果】从重离子束诱变M1群体中鉴定到13株为5个目标基因突变的嵌合突变株，其中7个M2株系中鉴定到目标基因的纯合或杂合突变；OsNRAMP5纯合突变株镉含量较原始亲本显著降低，OsBADH2纯合突变株香味特征化合物2-乙酰基吡咯啉(2-AP)含量较原始亲本显著上升；OsNRAMP5基因突变亲本配制的组合，在镉污染土(土壤有效镉含量0.677 mg/kg，pH 5.6)盆栽种植，其籽粒镉含量为0.05 mg/kg，而原始组合为0.91 mg/kg。【结论】利用“重离子束诱变+M1TDS技术”实现了卓两优1126镉低积累等性状的快速改良，为生物传统诱变育种进化到定向诱变育种提拱了成功案例和共性技术参考。
韶也, 胡远艺, 彭彦, 毛毕刚, 刘慧敏, 唐婵娟, 雷斌, 唐丽, 余丽霞, 李文建, 罗武中, 罗治斌, 袁远涛, 李曜魁, 张丹, 周利斌, 柏连阳, 唐文帮, 赵炳然 . 基于M1TDS靶向筛选技术的重离子束诱变定向改良杂交水稻卓两优1126性状的研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025 , 39(5) : 624 -634 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240106
【Objective】Using the two-line hybrid rice Zhuoliangyou 1126 as the base variety, we aimed to rapidly develop upgraded varieties with traits such as low cadmium accumulation, fragrance, storage tolerance, submergence tolerance, and a low glycemic index.【Method】Zhuo 234S and Xiangnonghui 1126, the parental lines of Zhuoliangyou 1126, were mutagenized using heavy-ion beams. Chimeric mutants of the OsNRAMP5, OsBADH2, OsLOX3, OsPAO5, OsSSIIIa, and OsBEIIb genes were identified in the M1 generation via M1TDS technology. Mutations in the target genes were further detected and isolated in the M2 generation using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping. Hybrid rice with low cadmium accumulation was developed by crossing parents carrying OsNRAMP5 mutations.【Results】A total of 13 chimeric mutants involving six target genes were identified in the M1 generation. Among these, seven were confirmed to carry homozygous or heterozygous mutations in the M2 generation. The cadmium content in OsNRAMP5 homozygous mutants was significantly lower than in the wild type, while the content of the aromatic compound 2-acetylpyrroline (2-AP) was significantly higher in OsBADH2 homozygous mutants. When the low-cadmium hybrid rice derived from OsNRAMP5-mutated parents was pot-grown in cadmium-contaminated soil (available Cd: 0.677 mg/kg, pH 5.6), the cadmium content in grains remained consistently below 0.05 mg/kg, compared to 0.91 mg/kg in the wild-type control.【Conclusion】The combination of heavy-ion beam mutagenesis and M1TDS technology enabled the rapid improvement of traits such as low cadmium accumulation in Zhuoliangyou 1126. This study provides a successful example and a general technical reference for transitioning from traditional mutagenesis breeding to directed mutagenesis breeding.
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