HCO3−和灌溉方式对水稻铁吸收和利用的交互影响
收稿日期: 2021-09-11
修回日期: 2022-05-11
网络出版日期: 2022-07-12
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31860587);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31471947)
Interactive Effects of HCO3− and Irrigation Methods on Iron Uptake and Utilization in Rice
Received date: 2021-09-11
Revised date: 2022-05-11
Online published: 2022-07-12
【目的】膜下滴灌水稻是一项兼顾高产和节水潜力的水稻栽培技术。然而，在石灰性土壤上膜下滴灌水稻经常表现出缺铁(Fe)黄化症状。前期研究发现，在滴灌条件下HCO3−对水稻Fe吸收的抑制强度弱于淹灌，但内在机制并不清楚。本文主要探讨HCO3−对两种灌溉型水稻土壤DTPA-Fe浓度、水稻木质部伤流液pH值、Fe吸收和利用的影响。【方法】在两种灌溉水稻[淹灌(FI)和覆膜滴灌(DI-PFM)]处理下设四种灌溉水HCO3−浓度处理(0，2，10和40 mmol/L HCO3−，分别表示为BC-0，BC-2，BC-10和BC-40)。【结果】DI-PFM土壤DTPA-Fe含量显著低于FI。随着HCO3−浓度增加，土壤pH增加，而土壤DTPA-Fe浓度呈降低趋势。水稻木质部伤流液pH值随灌溉水中HCO3−浓度的增加而增加，FI处理水稻木质部汁液pH值显著高于DI-PFM。水稻叶片和根系质外体铁浓度均随HCO3−浓度的上升表现为先减少后增加的趋势，在BC-40处理下最高。两种灌溉型水稻叶片活性铁浓度、共质体铁浓度、水稻生物量和全铁积累量均随HCO3−浓度的上升而降低，但DI-PFM处理下这些参数的降幅小于FI。水稻根系和叶片中共质体Fe与质外体Fe浓度比值随HCO3−浓度的增加而降低，FI处理水稻根系和叶片中共质体Fe与质外体Fe浓度比值大于DI-PFM。【结论】HCO3−引起水稻木质部伤流液pH升高影响水稻铁吸收和利用，但HCO3−并不是造成滴灌水稻缺铁的主要因子。石灰性土壤上滴灌水稻缺铁的主要原因可能仍是因为土壤铁有效性低引起的。
张新疆, 王祥斌, 刘玲慧, 危常州 . HCO3−和灌溉方式对水稻铁吸收和利用的交互影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022 , 36(4) : 419 -427 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210904
【Objective】Drip-irrigated rice with plastic film mulch (DI-PFM) is a rice cultivation technique with both high yield and water-saving potential. However, DI-PFM rice on calcareous soil often exhibits Fe-chlorosis symptoms. Previous studies found that the inhibitory intensity of HCO3− on Fe uptake of DI-PFM rice was weaker than that of flooding irrigation rice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The effects of HCO3− on soil DTPA-Fe concentration, xylem sap pH, Fe absorption and distribution of two kinds of irrigated rice were studied. 【Methods】The experiment included two irrigation methods [flooding irrigation (FI) and DI-PFM] and four HCO3− concentrations (0, 2, 10 and 40 mmol/L HCO3−, were expressed as BC-0, BC-2, BC-10 and BC-40, respectively) of irrigation water. 【Results】The concentration of soil DTPA-Fe in DI-PFM was significantly lower than that in FI. With the increase of HCO3− concentration, soil pH increased, while soil DTPA-Fe concentration decreased. Xylem sap pH of rice increased with the increase of HCO3− concentration in irrigation water, and the xylem sap pH of FI rice was significantly higher than that of DI-PFM. With the increase of HCO3− concentration, the apoplast Fe concentration in rice leaves and roots decreased at low HCO3− level and increased at high HCO3− level, and peaked under BC-40 treatment. The leaf active Fe concentration, symplastic Fe concentration, rice biomass and total Fe accumulation of two kinds of irrigated rice decreased with the increase of HCO3− concentration, but the decrease of these parameters under DI-PFM treatment were less than that of FI. The concentration ratio of symplastic Fe to apoplast Fe in rice roots and leaves decreased with the increase of HCO3− concentration, and the concentration ratio of symplastic Fe to apoplast Fe in rice roots and leaves in FI was higher than that of DI-PFM. 【Conclusion】The increased pH in xylem sap of rice caused by HCO3− affected the absorption and utilization of Fe in rice, but HCO3− was not the main factor leading to Fe deficiency in DI-PFM rice. The main reason for Fe deficiency of DI-PFM rice on calcareous soil may still be due to the low availability of soil Fe.
Key words： apoplastic Fe; HCO3−; Fe uptake and utilization; symplastic Fe; xylem sap
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