温度对褐飞虱天敌黄腿双距螯蜂生物学特性的影响
收稿日期: 2021-06-11
修回日期: 2021-10-01
网络出版日期: 2022-05-11
基金资助
国家水稻产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-01-38);中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016- CNRRI);农业农村部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2019-XNZD-02)
Effects of Temperature on Biological Traits of the Pincer Wasp [Gonatopus flavifemur (Esaki & Hashimoto)], a Natural Enemy of the Brown Planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)
Received date: 2021-06-11
Revised date: 2021-10-01
Online published: 2022-05-11
【目的】黄腿双距螯蜂是我国南方稻区常见的褐飞虱天敌之一，本研究旨在明确不同温度对黄腿双距螯蜂生物学特性的影响。【方法】在室内条件下，系统测定了12℃、17℃、22℃、27℃、32℃、36℃和38℃恒温条件下该蜂成虫寿命、寄生率、取食率及子代结茧率、羽化率、发育历期、雌性占比等生物学特性，并计算了该蜂的种群生命表参数、世代发育起点温度及有效积温。【结果】1）温度对黄腿双距螯蜂雌、雄成虫的寿命、寄生率、取食率和子代生长发育均有显著影响。雌、雄成虫寿命均在17℃时最长，并随温度升高而缩短，温度高至38℃时存活不超过1 d。成虫寄生率和取食率均在32℃时最高，分别为52.3%和17.7%，这两个参数在27℃与32℃之间无显著差异，而在38℃时均为0。在17℃~36℃下子代均可化茧和羽化，其中在27℃时化茧率和羽化率均最高，子代雌虫比例在32℃时最高(28.6%)，子代的雌虫数量在27℃最高(30.5头)。在17℃~36℃范围内，幼虫的发育历期均随着温度升高而缩短。2）综合估测的种群生命表参数结果中，27℃下种群的内禀增长率最高，为0.53，32℃和22℃次之，17℃时的内禀增长率最低。3）通过有效积温法则计算出的雌、雄虫发育起点温度分别为12.0℃和11.9℃，世代有效积温分别为343.8 d·℃和337.6 d·℃。【结论】黄腿双距螯蜂可在17℃~36℃范围生存，但生长发育和种群繁殖的适温范围为27℃~32℃，最适温度为27℃。本研究明确了温度对黄腿双距螯蜂生物学特征的影响，为进行该蜂的规模化饲养奠定了重要基础。
何佳春, 何雨婷, 万品俊, 魏琪, 赖凤香, 陈祥盛, 傅强 . 温度对褐飞虱天敌黄腿双距螯蜂生物学特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022 , 36(3) : 318 -326 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210605
【Objective】 Gonatopus flavifemur (Esaki & Hashimoto) is a common parasitoid against Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) in southern China. This research aims to reveal the effects of temperature on biological traits of G. flavifemur reared on N. lugens. 【Methods】 The longevity, parasitic rates, host-feeding rates of parental generation and cocooning rate, emergence rates, developmental duration, sexual ratio of their F1 offspring were investigated at seven temperatures (12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 36 and 38℃) in laboratory. In addition, the population parameters at different temperatures and the developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulative temperature for one generation were estimated. 【Result】1) The temperature had great effects on all measured biological traits. The longevity of both males and females showed negative relation with increasing temperatures ranging from 17℃ to 38℃. Male and female adults could not survive for more than 1 d at 38℃. The highest parasitic rate (52.3%) and the highest host-feeding rate (17.7%) were observed at 32℃. These two parameters showed no significant difference between 27℃ and 32℃. But the parasitic rate and host-feeding rate at 38℃ were all recorded as zero. The offspring of G. flavifemur could cocoon and emerge between 17 and 36℃. The highest cocooning rate and emergence rate were observed at 27℃. The highest proportion of females in offspring was 28.6% at 32℃ and the highest number of female offspring was 30.5 at 27℃. The developmental duration of offspring was negatively related to the increasing temperature in the range of 17–36℃. 2) The highest intrinsic increase rate was 0.52 at 27℃, followed by 32℃ and 22℃. The intrinsic increase rate was lowest at 17℃. 3) The developmental threshold temperature of males and females were 11.9℃ and 12.0℃, respectively. The generation effective accumulative temperature of males and females were 337.6 d·℃ and 343.8 d·℃, respectively. 【Conclusion】 G. flavifemur could survive in the temperature range of 17–36 ℃，the suitable temperature for offspring development and population growth ranged from 27℃ to 32℃, and 27℃ was the most suitable temperature. These results will lay an important foundation for study on G. flavifemur for mass reproduction of this wasp in the future.
Key words： Gonatopus flavifemur; temperature; biological traits; Nilaparvata lugens
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