灌浆期干旱胁迫对水稻生理性状和产量的影响
收稿日期: 2020-04-16
修回日期: 2020-09-14
网络出版日期: 2021-01-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD030130101;2018YFD0301404;2018YFD0301304);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2020CFB285);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31801291)
Effects of Drought Stressat Grain Filling Stage on Rice Physiological Characteristics and Yield
Received date: 2020-04-16
Revised date: 2020-09-14
Online published: 2021-01-10
杨晓龙, 程建平, 汪本福, 李阳, 张枝盛, 李进兰, 李萍 . 灌浆期干旱胁迫对水稻生理性状和产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021 , 35(1) : 38 -46 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.0401
【Objective】Itis very important to reveal the effects of drought stress at grainfilling stage on physiological characteristics of flag leaves and yield of different genotypes of rice, and provide the reference for rice cultivation under soil drought conditions.【Method】The water-saving and drought resistant rice variety Hanyou 113 (HY113) and hybrid rice variety Yangliangyou 6(YLY6) were cultured as materials under two water treatments (conventionalflooding and drought stress at grainfilling stage). The yield and itscomponents, rice quality (processing quality, appearance quality and nutritional quality), dry matter production and distribution, leaf physiological activity (leaf water potential, air-leaf temperature gap and photosynthetic rate) were determined.【Result】Compared with conventionalflooding, the leaf water potential and air-leaf temperature gap significantly decreased under drought stress duringgrainfilling, which resulted in decreased photosynthetic ratesofflagleaves. However, from the 2nd to the 15th day after rehydration, the physiological activities of the flagleaves could be restoredto the normal level, and no significant difference was observed as comparedto controlgroup. There wasno significant change in grainyield, which was mainly due to accumulation of dry matter in the early growing stage and significantly increasedfilled grain number. The rice millingquality was not changed significantly, but the appearance quality of YLY6 was just the opposite, the appearance quality of HY113 was improved. In addition, the nutrition quality was improved due to increased protein content.【Conclusion】Moderate drought at grainfilling stage can improve rice quality and stabilize grain yield. Therefore, moderatereduction of water input at late growing stages can not only save agricultural water and stabilize yield, but also help improve rice quality.
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