水分胁迫对节水抗旱稻产量形成和根系形态生理特性的影响
收稿日期: 2020-05-07
修回日期: 2020-09-10
网络出版日期: 2021-01-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFD0300103）;国家青年自然科学基金资助项目（31501270）;上海市水稻产业技术体系建设项目[沪农科产字（2020）第3号]
Effects of Water Stress on Yield Formation and Root Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Water-saving and Drought-resistantRice
Received date: 2020-05-07
Revised date: 2020-09-10
Online published: 2021-01-10
侯丹平, 谭金松, 毕庆宇, 张安宁, 刘毅, 王飞名, 刘国兰, 余新桥, 毕俊国, 罗利军 . 水分胁迫对节水抗旱稻产量形成和根系形态生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021 , 35(1) : 27 -37 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.0507
【Objective】To explore the characteristics of yield formation and changes inroot morphology and physiology of water-saving and drought-resistant rice under different irrigation conditions.【Method】Three water treatments (conventional irrigation, light water stress and heavy water stress) were set in the root canal experiment of water-saving and drought-resistant rice Hanyou 73 and high-yield rice H You 518.The plant height, tillering, root morphological and physiological characteristics, yield components were investigated, and theirrelationshipswere analyzed to elucidatethe effect of water stress on yield formation, root morphology and physiologyof water-saving and drought-resistant rice and the difference tohigh-yield rice.【Result】The results of thetwo-year experiment showed that compared with conventional irrigation, the grain yield and its components of Hanyou 73had no significant change under light water stress, and the grain yield of H You 518 decreased by 25.6% on average in two years, and the number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were also significantly decreased.Under heavy water stress, the grain yield and its components of the two varieties decreased significantly, among which the grain yield of Hanyou 73decreased by 28.8% on average within two years, and that of H You 518decreased by 46.1%.Compared with conventional irrigation, there were no significant changes in total absorption surface area, active absorption surface area, root volume, root diameter, root tip number and antioxidant enzyme activitiesof Hanyou 73 under mild water stress, while the above mentioned traits were significantly decreased under heavy water stress; the root morphological and physiological indexes of H You518 were significantly decreased under the two water stress.【Conclusion】The water-saving and drought-resistant rice Hanyou 73 can maintainhigh yield under light water stress, and the yield decline under heavy water stress is significantly lower than that of high-yield rice H You 518.Soundroot morphology and strong root activity are the important reasons for its stable yield and drought resistance.
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