中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻田土壤多年生杂草种子库研究

吴竞仑; 周恒昌   

  1. 江苏省农业科学院 植物保护研究所， 江苏 南京 21001
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-01-10 发布日期:2006-01-10

Seed Bank of Perennial Weeds in Paddy Fields

WU Jing-lun , ZHOU Heng-chang   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-01-10 Published:2006-01-10

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摘要： 对江苏省仪征市连年稻麦两熟轮作稻田土壤多年生杂草种子库中杂草种类、繁殖方式、分布及萌发等特性进行了系统调查研究。结果表明，眼子菜、矮慈姑、野荸荠、水莎草、扁秆藨草等5种多年生杂草种子和块（球）茎主要分布在0~15 cm耕作层内，并以营养繁殖为主。种子萌发主要在土壤表层，块（球）茎萌发在0~15 cm土层内；土壤含水量饱和至薄水层最有利于萌发。同时阐述了种子和块（球）茎的寿命，以及免耕和水旱轮作对稻田多年生杂草种子库的影响，并提出了控制措施。

关键词: 稻田, 多年生杂草, 种子库, 块茎, 球茎

Abstract: The investigation was conducted in the system of rice-wheat rotation in Yizheng, Jiangsu Province to determine the category, distribution, propagation and germination of the perennial weeds. There were five species of perennial weeds, i.e. Potamogeton distinctus,Sagittaria pygmaea, Eleocharis plantagineformi, Juncellus serotinus, and Scirpus planiculmis in the system. The seeds, tubers and corms of the weeds mainly distributed in the 0-15 cm depth paddy soil, and mostly executed vegetative propagation. The seeds germinated in the surface layer paddy soil, and the tubers and corms did in the 0-15 cm depth soil. The best conditions for the weeds germination were saturation soil moisture to thin layer water. The longevity of the seed, tuber and corm as well as the effect of non-tillage and paddy-upland rotation on weed seed bank were expatiated. The control measure to five perennial weeds species was given.

Key words: paddy field, perennial weed, seed bank, tuber