中国水稻科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 207-215.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6065
朱平阳1,2, 郑许松1, 张发成2, 徐红星1, 姚晓明2,3, 杨亚军1, 陈桂华2,*(), 吕仲贤1,*(
)
出版日期:
2017-03-20
发布日期:
2017-03-10
通讯作者:
陈桂华,吕仲贤
基金资助:
Pingyang ZHU1,2, Xusong ZHENG1, Fangcheng ZHANG2, Hongxing XU1, Xiaoming YAO3, Yajun YANG1, Guihua CHEN2,*(), Zhongxian LÜ1,*(
)
Online:
2017-03-20
Published:
2017-03-10
Contact:
Guihua CHEN, Zhongxian LÜ
摘要:
目的 随着水稻病虫害绿色防控技术的不断发展,希望应用生态工程控制害虫技术取得较大进展。方法 对稻田水生昆虫成虫的种群动态进行了连续3年的系统调查,以探明生态工程防控技术对水生昆虫的影响。结果 实施生态工程防控技术稻田中的水生捕食性昆虫豆娘的数量显著高于农民自防田,其他水生捕食性昆虫和中性昆虫等数量也有类似的结果,同时,靠近田埂的稻田区域豆娘和水生中性昆虫的种群数量也显著高于稻田中间区域。结论 说明通过实施生态工程控害技术可以有效提高稻田水生捕食性昆虫及中性昆虫种群数量,这对提高水稻生长后期的天敌控害作用有重要的意义。
朱平阳, 郑许松, 张发成, 徐红星, 姚晓明, 杨亚军, 陈桂华, 吕仲贤. 应用生态工程技术控制水稻害虫对水生昆虫数量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(2): 207-215.
Pingyang ZHU, Xusong ZHENG, Fangcheng ZHANG, Hongxing XU, Xiaoming YAO, Yajun YANG, Guihua CHEN, Zhongxian LÜ. Aquatic Insect Populations in Paddy Fields as Affected by Management of Rice Insect Pests Through Ecological Engineering Technology[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2017, 31(2): 207-215.
类别 Category | 丰盛度 Richness |
豆娘 Damselflies | |
细蟌科 Coenagrionidae | |
杯斑小蟌 Agriocnemis femina femina | 高High |
褐斑异痣蟌Ischnura sengalensis | 中Middle |
蓝纹尾蟌Cercion calamorum | 低Low |
细蟌1种Coenagrionidae sp. | 低Low |
其他捕食性昆虫 Other predatory insects | |
双翅目 Diptera | |
蠓科 Ceratopogonidae | |
蠓科多种Ceratopogonid spp. | 高High |
长足虻科 Dolichopodidae | |
长足虻科多种Dolichopodid spp. | 中Middle |
舞虻科 Empididae | |
舞虻属1种Drapetis sp.1 | 低Low |
舞虻属1种Drapetis sp.2 | 中Middle |
舞虻属1种Drapetis (Elaphropeza) | 中Middle |
水蝇科 Ephydridae | |
螳水蝇Ochthera sauteri | 中Middle |
螳水蝇1种Ochthera sp. | 低Low |
半翅目 Hemiptera | |
水黾科 Gerridae | |
尖钩宽黾蝽Microvelia horvathi | 低Low |
蜻蜓目 Odonata | |
蜻科 Libellulidae | |
猩红蜻蜓Crocothemis servillia | 低Low |
脉翅目 Neuroptera | |
蛾蛉科Ithonidae | |
蛾蛉科1种Ithonidae sp. | 低Low |
中性昆虫 Detritivores/Tourists | |
双翅目 Diptera | |
摇蚊科 Chironomidae | |
摇蚊科多种Chironomidae spp. | 高High |
蚊科 Culicidae | |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 1 | 低Low |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 2 | 低Low |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 3 | 中Middle |
蕈蚊科 Mycetophilidae | |
蕈蚊科多种Mycetophilidae sp. | 低Low |
粪蚊科 Scatopsidae | |
黑粪蚊Scatopse sp. | |
眼蕈蚊科 Sciaridae | |
尖眼蕈蚊Sciara sp. | 低Low |
蚋科 Simuliidae | |
蚋属1种Simulium sp.1 | 中Middle |
蚋属1种Simulium sp.2 | 低Low |
大蚊科 Tipulidae | |
大蚊1种Tipula sp.1 | 低Low |
大蚊1种Tipula sp.2 | 低Low |
表1 稻田中水生昆虫的优势种类
Table 1 Dominant species of aquatic insects in rice fields
类别 Category | 丰盛度 Richness |
豆娘 Damselflies | |
细蟌科 Coenagrionidae | |
杯斑小蟌 Agriocnemis femina femina | 高High |
褐斑异痣蟌Ischnura sengalensis | 中Middle |
蓝纹尾蟌Cercion calamorum | 低Low |
细蟌1种Coenagrionidae sp. | 低Low |
其他捕食性昆虫 Other predatory insects | |
双翅目 Diptera | |
蠓科 Ceratopogonidae | |
蠓科多种Ceratopogonid spp. | 高High |
长足虻科 Dolichopodidae | |
长足虻科多种Dolichopodid spp. | 中Middle |
舞虻科 Empididae | |
舞虻属1种Drapetis sp.1 | 低Low |
舞虻属1种Drapetis sp.2 | 中Middle |
舞虻属1种Drapetis (Elaphropeza) | 中Middle |
水蝇科 Ephydridae | |
螳水蝇Ochthera sauteri | 中Middle |
螳水蝇1种Ochthera sp. | 低Low |
半翅目 Hemiptera | |
水黾科 Gerridae | |
尖钩宽黾蝽Microvelia horvathi | 低Low |
蜻蜓目 Odonata | |
蜻科 Libellulidae | |
猩红蜻蜓Crocothemis servillia | 低Low |
脉翅目 Neuroptera | |
蛾蛉科Ithonidae | |
蛾蛉科1种Ithonidae sp. | 低Low |
中性昆虫 Detritivores/Tourists | |
双翅目 Diptera | |
摇蚊科 Chironomidae | |
摇蚊科多种Chironomidae spp. | 高High |
蚊科 Culicidae | |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 1 | 低Low |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 2 | 低Low |
蚊科1种Culicid sp. 3 | 中Middle |
蕈蚊科 Mycetophilidae | |
蕈蚊科多种Mycetophilidae sp. | 低Low |
粪蚊科 Scatopsidae | |
黑粪蚊Scatopse sp. | |
眼蕈蚊科 Sciaridae | |
尖眼蕈蚊Sciara sp. | 低Low |
蚋科 Simuliidae | |
蚋属1种Simulium sp.1 | 中Middle |
蚋属1种Simulium sp.2 | 低Low |
大蚊科 Tipulidae | |
大蚊1种Tipula sp.1 | 低Low |
大蚊1种Tipula sp.2 | 低Low |
变异来源 Source of variation | 豆娘 Damselflies | 其他捕食性昆虫 Other predatory insects | 中性昆虫 Detritivores/tourists | ||||||||
df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | |||
2009 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期Rice growing stage(RGS) | 3 | 15.435 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.853 | 0.468 | 3 | 6.214 | 0.001 | ||
处理Treatment(T) | 1 | 2.120 | 0.148 | 1 | 1.978 | 0.162 | 1 | 19.102 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS×T | 3 | 1.768 | 0.157 | 3 | 1.535 | 0.209 | 3 | 5.839 | 0.001 | ||
2010 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期Rice growing stage(RGS) | 3 | 7.705 | <0.001 | 3 | 3.103 | 0.033 | 3 | 56.302 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点Sampling site(SS) | 1 | 0.287 | 0.594 | 1 | 0.069 | 0.794 | 1 | 14.514 | <0.001 | ||
处理Treatment (T) | 1 | 15.736 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.529 | 0.470 | 1 | 33.680 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点RGS×SS | 3 | 0.686 | 0.564 | 3 | 2.537 | 0.064 | 3 | 14.597 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS×T | 3 | 8.287 | <0.001 | 3 | 5.192 | 0.003 | 3 | 33.309 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点×处理SS×T | 1 | 0.563 | 0.456 | 1 | 0.102 | 0.750 | 1 | 6.749 | 0.012 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点×处理RGS×SS×T | 3 | 0.594 | 0.621 | 3 | 0.669 | 0.574 | 3 | 6.752 | <0.001 | ||
2011 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期 Rice growing stage (RGS) | 3 | 88.303 | <0.001 | 3 | 4.019 | 0.011 | 3 | 13.130 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点 Sampling site(SS) | 1 | 52.479 | <0.001 | 1 | 1.16 | 0.286 | 1 | 0.590 | 0.445 | ||
处理Treatment (T) | 1 | 87.310 | <0.001 | 1 | 1.341 | 0.251 | 1 | 8.804 | 0.004 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点RGS×SS | 3 | 28.320 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.590 | 0.624 | 3 | 5.419 | 0.002 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS ×T | 3 | 62.029 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.726 | 0.540 | 3 | 3.631 | 0.017 | ||
采样地点×处理SS×T | 1 | 22.987 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.389 | 0.535 | 1 | 0.005 | 0.945 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点×处理RGS ×SS×T | 3 | 16.537 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.424 | 0.737 | 3 | 0.392 | 0.759 |
表2 稻田水生昆虫种群数量方差分析
Table 2 Analysis of variance for aquatic insects in rice fields
变异来源 Source of variation | 豆娘 Damselflies | 其他捕食性昆虫 Other predatory insects | 中性昆虫 Detritivores/tourists | ||||||||
df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | |||
2009 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期Rice growing stage(RGS) | 3 | 15.435 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.853 | 0.468 | 3 | 6.214 | 0.001 | ||
处理Treatment(T) | 1 | 2.120 | 0.148 | 1 | 1.978 | 0.162 | 1 | 19.102 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS×T | 3 | 1.768 | 0.157 | 3 | 1.535 | 0.209 | 3 | 5.839 | 0.001 | ||
2010 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期Rice growing stage(RGS) | 3 | 7.705 | <0.001 | 3 | 3.103 | 0.033 | 3 | 56.302 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点Sampling site(SS) | 1 | 0.287 | 0.594 | 1 | 0.069 | 0.794 | 1 | 14.514 | <0.001 | ||
处理Treatment (T) | 1 | 15.736 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.529 | 0.470 | 1 | 33.680 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点RGS×SS | 3 | 0.686 | 0.564 | 3 | 2.537 | 0.064 | 3 | 14.597 | <0.001 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS×T | 3 | 8.287 | <0.001 | 3 | 5.192 | 0.003 | 3 | 33.309 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点×处理SS×T | 1 | 0.563 | 0.456 | 1 | 0.102 | 0.750 | 1 | 6.749 | 0.012 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点×处理RGS×SS×T | 3 | 0.594 | 0.621 | 3 | 0.669 | 0.574 | 3 | 6.752 | <0.001 | ||
2011 | |||||||||||
水稻生育期 Rice growing stage (RGS) | 3 | 88.303 | <0.001 | 3 | 4.019 | 0.011 | 3 | 13.130 | <0.001 | ||
采样地点 Sampling site(SS) | 1 | 52.479 | <0.001 | 1 | 1.16 | 0.286 | 1 | 0.590 | 0.445 | ||
处理Treatment (T) | 1 | 87.310 | <0.001 | 1 | 1.341 | 0.251 | 1 | 8.804 | 0.004 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点RGS×SS | 3 | 28.320 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.590 | 0.624 | 3 | 5.419 | 0.002 | ||
水稻生育期×处理RGS ×T | 3 | 62.029 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.726 | 0.540 | 3 | 3.631 | 0.017 | ||
采样地点×处理SS×T | 1 | 22.987 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.389 | 0.535 | 1 | 0.005 | 0.945 | ||
水稻生育期×采样地点×处理RGS ×SS×T | 3 | 16.537 | <0.001 | 3 | 0.424 | 0.737 | 3 | 0.392 | 0.759 |
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