彩色水稻研究与利用现状

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.9137

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

彩色水稻赏食兼顾,为农业、旅游、教育及文化的多元融合提供了新途径。赏食兼用型彩色水稻的研究与选育适宜创意农业发展,可推动农旅结合。本文综述了彩色水稻种质创制、主要类型、突变机制以及代表性应用,并探讨了彩色水稻未来的发展趋势。

Abstract:

Colored rice is beautiful and edible. It can provide a new way for merging agriculture, tourism, education and culture together. Breeding and studying edible and ornamental colored rice can promote the combination of agriculture and tourism and the development of creative agriculture. In this paper, we summarized the germplasm improvement, major types, mutation mechanism, representative utilization of colored rice, and proposed the possible development trends of the colored rice in the future.

Key words: colored rice, ornamental, cholorphyll-deficient, induced mutation

中图分类号:

宋文健, 梅忠, 李玉, 夏雯华, 舒小丽, 吴殿星, 梅淑芳. 彩色水稻研究与利用现状[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(3): 191-207.

Wenjian SONG, Zhong MEI, Yu LI, Wenhua XIA, Xiaoli SHU, Dianxing WU, Shufang MEI. Current Status on Research and Utilization of Colored Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2020, 34(3): 191-207.

图/表 4

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表型 Phenotype	基因 Gene	染色体 Chromosome	生物学功能 Biological Functions	参考文献 Reference
亮绿叶 Bright green leaf	BGL11(t)	11	BGL11(t)调控水稻叶色		[45]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL138(t)	11	YGL138编码叶绿体信号识别颗粒		[46]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	GRC1	6	GRC1是叶绿素的生物合成和水稻叶绿体早期发育所必需的		[47]
黄绿叶披叶 Yellow-green and droopy leaf	OsAld-Y	6	OsAld-Y通过影响水稻叶片光合速率和糖代谢,参与叶绿素积累、叶绿体发育以及植株生长		[48]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL1	5	YGL1以单拷贝的形式存在于水稻基因组中,编码叶绿素合成酶,催化叶绿素酸酯植醇化,生成叶绿素a,这一合成步骤对叶绿素a辅基蛋白的翻译和积累,类囊体膜组分的稳定装配起重要作用		[49]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL8	1	YGL8不仅是一个具有催化活性的亚基,还是参与叶绿素合成的FLU- YGL8-LCAA-POR复合体的核心组分		[50]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	OsGluRS	2	谷酰基tRNA合成酶OsGluRS可能在叶绿体和线粒体的增殖和发育中发挥关键作用		[51]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	Chl1	3	编码Mg-原卟啉IX螯合酶亚基D,在叶绿素合成和叶绿体发育中发挥重要作用		[52]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	Chl9	3	编码Mg-原卟啉IX螯合酶亚基CH1I,在叶绿素合成和叶绿体发育中发挥重要作用		[52]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	OsDVR	3	编码联乙烯还原酶(DVR)能将有关叶绿素生物合成的各类中间体的8-乙烯基还原成相应的单乙烯基		[53]
淡黄绿叶 Virescent-yellow leaf	VYL	3	VYL基因表达量与光介导的叶绿体发育进程相关		[33]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	PGL10	10	OsPORB在整个叶片发育过程中,尤其在高光照下,是维持依赖光的叶绿素合成所必需的		[54]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	PGL	1	编码一个叶绿素a加氧酶,其突变体浅绿色,叶绿素含量降低,叶绿素a/叶绿素b比例增加		[55]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	OsHAP3A	1	控制位于叶绿体的细胞核编码基因的表达,调节叶绿体发育		[56]
黄化转绿 Young leaf chlorosis	YLC1	9	YLC1编码DUF3353家族蛋白参与水稻早期叶片发育中叶绿素和叶黄素的积累以及叶绿体的发育		[57]
黄叶Yellow leaf	LYL1	2	LYL1基因参与了水稻叶绿素生物合成的最后一步,在水稻对强光响应上起着重要作用,能保护植物抵御脂质过氧化作用和活性氧伤害		[58]
黄叶Yellow leaf	YL1	2	光诱导的基因,可能参与光调控的叶绿素形成、叶绿体发育和叶绿体ATP合酶的有效合成		[59]
淡黄叶Light yellow leaf	cga1	2	Cga1是细胞分裂素应答的GATA转录因子,调控水稻株型和叶绿体发育		[60]
淡黄（3叶后死亡） Pale-yellow leaf	OsClpP5	3	OsClpP5编码叶绿体蛋白酶,其功能不可被代替		[61]
黄化 Etiolation	etl1	11	编码产物蛋白序列与拟南芥HCF152类似,HCF152参与了叶绿体RNA的加工		[62]
黄化 Etiolation	etl2	12	编码产物蛋白序列与拟南芥HCF152类似,HCF152参与了叶绿体RNA的加工		[62]
白化 Albino leaf	AL2; CRS1	9	AL2编码叶绿体IIA型内含子剪接促进因子,参与叶绿体Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型内含子剪切,协调一系列叶绿体相关基因表达,调控水稻叶绿体发育		[63]
白化 Albino leaf	OsChlH	3	编码水稻Mg-螯合酶的最大亚基		[64]
白化 Albino leaf	OsPPR1	9	OsPPR1是核基因,编码PPR蛋白,可能参与叶绿体的形成		[65]
白化 Albino leaf	OsPPR6	5	PPR6通过参与质体基因编码的ndhB转录本编辑和ycf3转录本剪接,调控水稻早期叶绿体生物发生		[66]
白化Albino leaf	OsOTP51	2	OsOTP51的功能缺失影响一些质体基因的内含子剪接,该基因编码产物参与了光系统PSⅠ复合体的组装		[67]
表型 Phenotype	基因 Gene	染色体 Chromosome	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	YSA	3	编码PPR蛋白的YSA基因,突变后会导致水稻3叶期前叶片白化		[30]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V1	3	V1(virescent-1)编码一个定位在叶绿体上的蛋白质NUS1		[28]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V2	3	V2编码产物含有鸟苷酸激酶结构域,在叶绿体蛋白翻译机制中起重要作用		[29]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V3	6	编码一个由814个氨基酸组成的核糖核酸还原酶大亚基,产物含有ATP 锥体结构域和RNR1结构域		[20]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	RNRS1	6	编码一个由339个氨基酸组成的核糖核酸还原酶小亚基,产物含有RNR2结构域		[20]
温敏型白化 Temperature-sensitive albino	TCD5	5	低温下,TCD5影响叶绿体发育相关基因的转录		[68]
白叶和穗 White leaf and panicle	WLP2	1	WLP2及其同源蛋白OsFLN2,可与硫氧还蛋白OsTRXz互作形成TRX-FLN调控模块,不仅可调节PEP编码基因的转录,而且可维持高温胁迫下叶绿体的氧化还原平衡,参与热胁迫下水稻叶绿体的合成,保护水稻叶绿体发育免受高温胁迫影响		[69]
白叶和穗 White leaf and panicle	WLP1	1	WLP1参与叶绿体正常发育,特别是在低温下		[70]
白化转绿 Green-reverible albino	OsABC18	11	ATP结合盒转运蛋白,参与水稻中铁等过渡金属元素的转运和稳态维持,参与叶绿体发育和叶绿素合成,尤其是光照不好的条件下		[71]
窄叶白化 Narrow albino leaf	CHR729	7	通过赤霉素途径控制幼苗发育		[72]
白化中脉 Albino midrib1	AM1	4	在前几片叶子中调控叶绿素生物合成、叶绿体发育和光合作用相关基因表达中起重要作用		[73]
叶脉白化反巻叶 Abaxial rolling and vein-albino leaves	OsARVL4	4	可能参与调控水稻叶脉发育和叶片形态建成,参与调控叶绿素含量和光合效率,且可能受到如DNA甲基化的表观遗传调控		[74]
白化Albino leaf1	AL1	3	参与光合作用、核糖体以及代谢的平衡,以剂量介导形式调控叶绿体发育		[75]
苗期白化致死 Albino seedling lethality	ASL2, RPL21c	2	编码叶绿体50S核糖体蛋白L21,是叶绿体核糖体大亚基的一个组分,对水稻叶绿体的发育至关重要		[76]
白色条纹叶 White stripe leaf 12	Wsl12	12	编码OsNDPK2,通过调节相关基因的表达水平,在叶绿体发育和叶绿素合成中发挥重要作用		[77]
白叶条纹和穗 White-stripe leaves and panicles	WSP1	4	参与水稻叶绿体发育		[78]
幼苗条纹叶 Young seedling stripe	YSS1	4	YSS1作为质体RNA聚合酶活性调控因子,对水稻幼苗阶段叶绿体发育十分重要		[79]
紫叶Purple leaf	Pl	4	Pl^w由OsB1和OsB2两个基因构成,均编码包含bHLH结构的蛋白组成,该蛋白参与花青素的生物合成		[80]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	ZEBRA2	11	在水稻叶绿素合成及叶绿体发育中起着重要作用。类胡萝卜素生物合成受阻,引起光氧化和ABA缺陷		[43]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	Zl16	8	通过调控脂肪酸合成,从而参与水稻叶绿体发育过程		[81]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	Zebra524	2	ABA类胡萝卜素合成前体,参与活性氧的清除及PSⅡ的光氧化		[82]

表型 Phenotype	基因 Gene	染色体 Chromosome	生物学功能 Biological Functions	参考文献 Reference
亮绿叶 Bright green leaf	BGL11(t)	11	BGL11(t)调控水稻叶色		[45]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL138(t)	11	YGL138编码叶绿体信号识别颗粒		[46]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	GRC1	6	GRC1是叶绿素的生物合成和水稻叶绿体早期发育所必需的		[47]
黄绿叶披叶 Yellow-green and droopy leaf	OsAld-Y	6	OsAld-Y通过影响水稻叶片光合速率和糖代谢,参与叶绿素积累、叶绿体发育以及植株生长		[48]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL1	5	YGL1以单拷贝的形式存在于水稻基因组中,编码叶绿素合成酶,催化叶绿素酸酯植醇化,生成叶绿素a,这一合成步骤对叶绿素a辅基蛋白的翻译和积累,类囊体膜组分的稳定装配起重要作用		[49]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	YGL8	1	YGL8不仅是一个具有催化活性的亚基,还是参与叶绿素合成的FLU- YGL8-LCAA-POR复合体的核心组分		[50]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	OsGluRS	2	谷酰基tRNA合成酶OsGluRS可能在叶绿体和线粒体的增殖和发育中发挥关键作用		[51]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	Chl1	3	编码Mg-原卟啉IX螯合酶亚基D,在叶绿素合成和叶绿体发育中发挥重要作用		[52]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	Chl9	3	编码Mg-原卟啉IX螯合酶亚基CH1I,在叶绿素合成和叶绿体发育中发挥重要作用		[52]
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	OsDVR	3	编码联乙烯还原酶(DVR)能将有关叶绿素生物合成的各类中间体的8-乙烯基还原成相应的单乙烯基		[53]
淡黄绿叶 Virescent-yellow leaf	VYL	3	VYL基因表达量与光介导的叶绿体发育进程相关		[33]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	PGL10	10	OsPORB在整个叶片发育过程中,尤其在高光照下,是维持依赖光的叶绿素合成所必需的		[54]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	PGL	1	编码一个叶绿素a加氧酶,其突变体浅绿色,叶绿素含量降低,叶绿素a/叶绿素b比例增加		[55]
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	OsHAP3A	1	控制位于叶绿体的细胞核编码基因的表达,调节叶绿体发育		[56]
黄化转绿 Young leaf chlorosis	YLC1	9	YLC1编码DUF3353家族蛋白参与水稻早期叶片发育中叶绿素和叶黄素的积累以及叶绿体的发育		[57]
黄叶Yellow leaf	LYL1	2	LYL1基因参与了水稻叶绿素生物合成的最后一步,在水稻对强光响应上起着重要作用,能保护植物抵御脂质过氧化作用和活性氧伤害		[58]
黄叶Yellow leaf	YL1	2	光诱导的基因,可能参与光调控的叶绿素形成、叶绿体发育和叶绿体ATP合酶的有效合成		[59]
淡黄叶Light yellow leaf	cga1	2	Cga1是细胞分裂素应答的GATA转录因子,调控水稻株型和叶绿体发育		[60]
淡黄（3叶后死亡） Pale-yellow leaf	OsClpP5	3	OsClpP5编码叶绿体蛋白酶,其功能不可被代替		[61]
黄化 Etiolation	etl1	11	编码产物蛋白序列与拟南芥HCF152类似,HCF152参与了叶绿体RNA的加工		[62]
黄化 Etiolation	etl2	12	编码产物蛋白序列与拟南芥HCF152类似,HCF152参与了叶绿体RNA的加工		[62]
白化 Albino leaf	AL2; CRS1	9	AL2编码叶绿体IIA型内含子剪接促进因子,参与叶绿体Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型内含子剪切,协调一系列叶绿体相关基因表达,调控水稻叶绿体发育		[63]
白化 Albino leaf	OsChlH	3	编码水稻Mg-螯合酶的最大亚基		[64]
白化 Albino leaf	OsPPR1	9	OsPPR1是核基因,编码PPR蛋白,可能参与叶绿体的形成		[65]
白化 Albino leaf	OsPPR6	5	PPR6通过参与质体基因编码的ndhB转录本编辑和ycf3转录本剪接,调控水稻早期叶绿体生物发生		[66]
白化Albino leaf	OsOTP51	2	OsOTP51的功能缺失影响一些质体基因的内含子剪接,该基因编码产物参与了光系统PSⅠ复合体的组装		[67]
表型 Phenotype	基因 Gene	染色体 Chromosome	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	YSA	3	编码PPR蛋白的YSA基因,突变后会导致水稻3叶期前叶片白化		[30]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V1	3	V1(virescent-1)编码一个定位在叶绿体上的蛋白质NUS1		[28]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V2	3	V2编码产物含有鸟苷酸激酶结构域,在叶绿体蛋白翻译机制中起重要作用		[29]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	V3	6	编码一个由814个氨基酸组成的核糖核酸还原酶大亚基,产物含有ATP 锥体结构域和RNR1结构域		[20]
白化转绿 Young seedling albino	RNRS1	6	编码一个由339个氨基酸组成的核糖核酸还原酶小亚基,产物含有RNR2结构域		[20]
温敏型白化 Temperature-sensitive albino	TCD5	5	低温下,TCD5影响叶绿体发育相关基因的转录		[68]
白叶和穗 White leaf and panicle	WLP2	1	WLP2及其同源蛋白OsFLN2,可与硫氧还蛋白OsTRXz互作形成TRX-FLN调控模块,不仅可调节PEP编码基因的转录,而且可维持高温胁迫下叶绿体的氧化还原平衡,参与热胁迫下水稻叶绿体的合成,保护水稻叶绿体发育免受高温胁迫影响		[69]
白叶和穗 White leaf and panicle	WLP1	1	WLP1参与叶绿体正常发育,特别是在低温下		[70]
白化转绿 Green-reverible albino	OsABC18	11	ATP结合盒转运蛋白,参与水稻中铁等过渡金属元素的转运和稳态维持,参与叶绿体发育和叶绿素合成,尤其是光照不好的条件下		[71]
窄叶白化 Narrow albino leaf	CHR729	7	通过赤霉素途径控制幼苗发育		[72]
白化中脉 Albino midrib1	AM1	4	在前几片叶子中调控叶绿素生物合成、叶绿体发育和光合作用相关基因表达中起重要作用		[73]
叶脉白化反巻叶 Abaxial rolling and vein-albino leaves	OsARVL4	4	可能参与调控水稻叶脉发育和叶片形态建成,参与调控叶绿素含量和光合效率,且可能受到如DNA甲基化的表观遗传调控		[74]
白化Albino leaf1	AL1	3	参与光合作用、核糖体以及代谢的平衡,以剂量介导形式调控叶绿体发育		[75]
苗期白化致死 Albino seedling lethality	ASL2, RPL21c	2	编码叶绿体50S核糖体蛋白L21,是叶绿体核糖体大亚基的一个组分,对水稻叶绿体的发育至关重要		[76]
白色条纹叶 White stripe leaf 12	Wsl12	12	编码OsNDPK2,通过调节相关基因的表达水平,在叶绿体发育和叶绿素合成中发挥重要作用		[77]
白叶条纹和穗 White-stripe leaves and panicles	WSP1	4	参与水稻叶绿体发育		[78]
幼苗条纹叶 Young seedling stripe	YSS1	4	YSS1作为质体RNA聚合酶活性调控因子,对水稻幼苗阶段叶绿体发育十分重要		[79]
紫叶Purple leaf	Pl	4	Pl^w由OsB1和OsB2两个基因构成,均编码包含bHLH结构的蛋白组成,该蛋白参与花青素的生物合成		[80]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	ZEBRA2	11	在水稻叶绿素合成及叶绿体发育中起着重要作用。类胡萝卜素生物合成受阻,引起光氧化和ABA缺陷		[43]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	Zl16	8	通过调控脂肪酸合成,从而参与水稻叶绿体发育过程		[81]
斑马叶Zebra leaf	Zebra524	2	ABA类胡萝卜素合成前体,参与活性氧的清除及PSⅡ的光氧化		[82]

叶色特征 Leaf color characteristics	品种 Variety	主要性状 Main trait	研究单位 Research unit
斑马叶 Zebra leaf	衡标807S	移栽后5 d新抽出的叶片包括叶鞘会呈现出与叶脉垂直的黄绿相间的条纹,移栽后30 d叶片表现正常绿色	衡阳市农业科学研究所
斑马叶 Zebra leaf	武金4A	移栽后7 d左右开始出现斑马叶纹,6叶期表现最为充分,移栽28 d斑马纹完全消失,稻株叶色恢复正常	襄樊市农业科学院
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	M2S	叶片淡绿色	中国水稻研究所
	标1-A	叶片淡绿色,叶鞘、稃尖、柱头均为紫色	中国水稻研究所
	TS1	叶片淡绿色,成株期颜色加深	浙江农业大学
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	黄标A	叶片及颖壳呈黄绿色,颖尖、叶鞘、叶耳及叶片边缘呈紫红色	四川省农业科学院
	标泰S	主茎叶片数11~14片,叶片淡黄绿色	怀化职业技术学院
	标88S	全株叶色淡黄绿色,叶片挺直	怀化职业技术学院
	标CS	中籼迟熟不育系,叶片淡黄绿色	湖南省怀化职业技术学院
	黄叶早A	全生育期叶片淡绿色	江苏太湖农业科学研究所
	黄叶迟A	全生育期叶片淡绿色	江苏太湖农业科学研究所
黄叶 Yellow leaf	黄玉A	全生育期叶片黄化	浙江大学
	安农标810S	叶片淡黄绿色	怀化职业技术学院
	1166S	淡黄叶	怀化职业技术学院
	509S	淡黄叶	南京农业大学
	H159A	淡黄叶	怀化职业技术学院
	金汇A	全生育期淡黄色	上海交通大学
紫叶 Purple leaf	紫标S	叶片紫色	贵州黔南州农业科学研究所
	明紫02S	叶鞘、稃尖、柱头及叶片均为紫色	三明市农业科学研究所
	中紫S	苗期至成熟期全生育期叶色为紫色	中国水稻研究所
	先红A	叶片紫红色,谷粒黄色,稃尖紫色	广西农业科学院
	紫ⅡA	叶片、叶鞘、枝梗、叶耳、叶舌、颖尖、柱头为紫色	贵州省农业科学院
	桂紫1-S	叶片生育前期紫色	广西农业科学院
	99H114紫S	苗期至成熟期全生育期叶色为紫色	贵州大学
白转绿 Young seedling albino	玉兔S、白丰A、NHR111S、全龙A、NHR101A-107A	苗期第1~3叶叶片白化或叶缘白化,第4新生叶开始逐渐转绿,至第6叶移栽前后整株恢复至正常绿色	浙江大学
	云丰88A、云丰66A	1~3叶期叶缘白化,第4叶起开始转绿	云南省农业科学院
	楠丰8S	幼苗第1~4张叶片边缘失绿,形成黄白色叶色标记,第5叶后恢复正常绿色	温州市农业科学研究院
黄转绿Young yellow leaf	热农1A	每一片叶都经历幼叶黄化,随后从叶尖向叶基部由黄转绿	中国热带农业科学院
白化转斑叶 Albino-zebra leaf	高光A	第1~6叶白化,第6叶后至成熟呈白化斑叶,幼穗白化带绿	江西省赣州市农业科学研究所
粉红Pink leaf	浙大粉彩禾	芽叶鞘浅粉紫色,叶片抽穗前为鲜亮的粉红色,后期红紫色	浙江大学
银白Silvery white leaf	浙大银彩禾	全生育期叶色、抽穗时的穗色和谷粒色为条纹状白色	浙江大学
黑色Black leaf	浙大黑彩禾	叶片颜色抽穗前期为深紫黑色、后期为黑紫色	浙江大学

叶色特征 Leaf color characteristics	品种 Variety	主要性状 Main trait	研究单位 Research unit
斑马叶 Zebra leaf	衡标807S	移栽后5 d新抽出的叶片包括叶鞘会呈现出与叶脉垂直的黄绿相间的条纹,移栽后30 d叶片表现正常绿色	衡阳市农业科学研究所
斑马叶 Zebra leaf	武金4A	移栽后7 d左右开始出现斑马叶纹,6叶期表现最为充分,移栽28 d斑马纹完全消失,稻株叶色恢复正常	襄樊市农业科学院
淡绿叶 Pale-green leaf	M2S	叶片淡绿色	中国水稻研究所
	标1-A	叶片淡绿色,叶鞘、稃尖、柱头均为紫色	中国水稻研究所
	TS1	叶片淡绿色,成株期颜色加深	浙江农业大学
黄绿叶 Yellow-green leaf	黄标A	叶片及颖壳呈黄绿色,颖尖、叶鞘、叶耳及叶片边缘呈紫红色	四川省农业科学院
	标泰S	主茎叶片数11~14片,叶片淡黄绿色	怀化职业技术学院
	标88S	全株叶色淡黄绿色,叶片挺直	怀化职业技术学院
	标CS	中籼迟熟不育系,叶片淡黄绿色	湖南省怀化职业技术学院
	黄叶早A	全生育期叶片淡绿色	江苏太湖农业科学研究所
	黄叶迟A	全生育期叶片淡绿色	江苏太湖农业科学研究所
黄叶 Yellow leaf	黄玉A	全生育期叶片黄化	浙江大学
	安农标810S	叶片淡黄绿色	怀化职业技术学院
	1166S	淡黄叶	怀化职业技术学院
	509S	淡黄叶	南京农业大学
	H159A	淡黄叶	怀化职业技术学院
	金汇A	全生育期淡黄色	上海交通大学
紫叶 Purple leaf	紫标S	叶片紫色	贵州黔南州农业科学研究所
	明紫02S	叶鞘、稃尖、柱头及叶片均为紫色	三明市农业科学研究所
	中紫S	苗期至成熟期全生育期叶色为紫色	中国水稻研究所
	先红A	叶片紫红色,谷粒黄色,稃尖紫色	广西农业科学院
	紫ⅡA	叶片、叶鞘、枝梗、叶耳、叶舌、颖尖、柱头为紫色	贵州省农业科学院
	桂紫1-S	叶片生育前期紫色	广西农业科学院
	99H114紫S	苗期至成熟期全生育期叶色为紫色	贵州大学
白转绿 Young seedling albino	玉兔S、白丰A、NHR111S、全龙A、NHR101A-107A	苗期第1~3叶叶片白化或叶缘白化,第4新生叶开始逐渐转绿,至第6叶移栽前后整株恢复至正常绿色	浙江大学
	云丰88A、云丰66A	1~3叶期叶缘白化,第4叶起开始转绿	云南省农业科学院
	楠丰8S	幼苗第1~4张叶片边缘失绿,形成黄白色叶色标记,第5叶后恢复正常绿色	温州市农业科学研究院
黄转绿Young yellow leaf	热农1A	每一片叶都经历幼叶黄化,随后从叶尖向叶基部由黄转绿	中国热带农业科学院
白化转斑叶 Albino-zebra leaf	高光A	第1~6叶白化,第6叶后至成熟呈白化斑叶,幼穗白化带绿	江西省赣州市农业科学研究所
粉红Pink leaf	浙大粉彩禾	芽叶鞘浅粉紫色,叶片抽穗前为鲜亮的粉红色,后期红紫色	浙江大学
银白Silvery white leaf	浙大银彩禾	全生育期叶色、抽穗时的穗色和谷粒色为条纹状白色	浙江大学
黑色Black leaf	浙大黑彩禾	叶片颜色抽穗前期为深紫黑色、后期为黑紫色	浙江大学