中国水稻科学

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国栽培稻及其近缘野生种叶绿体DNA的限制性片段长度多态性分析

肖 晗;应存山;黄大年   

  1. 中国水稻研究所,杭州310006
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1996-04-10 发布日期:1996-04-10

RFLP Analysis of Chloroplast DNA from Chinese Cultivated Rice and its Closely Wild Relative

Xiao Han; Ying Cunshan; Huang Danian   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1996-04-10 Published:1996-04-10

摘要: 对中国现存的七省(区)的17份中国普通野生稻(其中广西普通野生稻6份,东乡野生稻5份,广东、湖南各2份,福建及云南景洪普通野生稻各1份)及28份栽培稻地方品种的叶绿体DNA进行了限制性内切酶酶切分析。28份中国栽培稻被分成三类,C1、C2和C3。其中C2叶绿体基因组类型仅有1份材料,为一个籼稻品种。两个主要类型C1和C3分别对应于粳型和籼型,说明中国栽培稻在叶绿体基因组存在籼、粳分化。17份中国普通野生稻的叶绿体DNA用同样3种内切酶酶切,共产生两种类型。它们分别与栽培稻中的C1和C3相同,其中C1类型占主要,为94.1%(16/17),具C3型叶绿体基因组的野生稻为1份广西材料。此外没有检测到新的类型。这说明在中国普通野生稻中也存在对应于栽培稻籼型和粳型两种不同的叶绿体基因组类型,而且是以对应于粳型的C1型叶绿体基因组类型材料为主。从大多数中国普通野生稻具有与粳型栽培稻相同的叶绿体基因组类型,可以推测粳稻起源于中国的可能性很大。

关键词: 叶绿体DNA, 限制性片段长度多态性, 栽培稻, 野生种

Abstract: Restriction endonuclease analysis of chloroplast DNA from 28 Chinese cultivars and 17 accessions of wild rice with EcoR Ⅰ, Hind Ⅱ and Pst Ⅰ indicated that there are three plastotypes (C1, C2, C3) in the cultivated rice, indica rice show C2 and C3 types and the former is major and japonica rice has C1 type. In Chinese common wild rice there have the same two plastotypes, C1 and C3, but most accessions have C1 plastotype and only one has C3 types. The result suggest that the indica-japonica differentiation was prior to the domestication and China is the homeland of japonica rice.

Key words: chloroplast DNA, common wild rice, restriction fragment length polymorphism, Oryza sativa