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05 March 1991, Volume 5 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
研究简报


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研究报告

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Inheritance of Panicle Exsertion and Improvment of Male Sterile Line in Rice He Zuhua,Shen Zongtan 1991, 5(1): 1-6 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (561KB) ( )   Panicle exsertion(PE) of the elongated uppermost internode stock of japonica rice was controlled by a recessive eui gene. PE of plant with eui gene was positively correlated with uppermost internode length and plant height. The interaction between the eui gene and wild abortive male sterile(WAMS)cytoplasm could eliminate partly the negative effect of WAMS cytoplasm on MS line's PE so that panicle enclosure in MS line disappeared.The eui gene has been introduced into, Zhenshan 97A by backcrossing, one new MS line Zhenchang A(B) without panicle enclosure has been bred first. The PE of Zhenchang A elongated to -1.8 cm, whereas the PE of the control Zhenshan 97A was -11.1 cm. Spikelets enclosed in leaf sheath in the new MS line was 0-7.5 and in the control was 37.0-49.0. The exserted stigma percentage of the new MS line was 8.5-14.8 higher than that of the control. The yield of hybrid seed production using the new MS line without applying gibberellic acid would be as high as that using the control applying gibberellic acid. The combining ability of Zhenchang A was the same as Zhenshan 97A. The procedure of improvement of WAMS lines was discussed.

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Observations on Morphology of Unhulled Grains and Anthers of Three Oryza Species in China by Scanning Electron Microscopy Wang Guochang,Lu Yonggen 1991, 5(1): 7-12 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1408KB) ( )   In order to elucidate the consanguineous relationship between cultivated rice and wild ricespecies, the morphology of unhulled grains and anthers of Oryza rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. meyeriana subsp. tuberculata and O. sativa, being indigenous to China, were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Main results are as follows:(1)Morphological characteristics on surface of grain: the glume(lemma and palea)of sativa, rufipogon and officinalis is covered with papillate tubercules arranged in right order and distributed uniformly,whereas meyeriana is constituted by warty tubercules distributed irregularly. Sativa, rufipogon and officinalis possess both thickthorn-hairs and tenuous-hairs, however, meyeriana has both hook-hairs and tenuous-hairs.(2)Surface structure of anther wall: Sativa and rufipogon are composed of long cells arranged in goodorder, whereas officinalis and meyeriana are consisted of two kinds of cells: one with uniform size arranges in good order,the other with different size does not arrange in the strip. Based on the resemblance and difference in feature of unhulled grain, kinds and distribution of thorn-hairs, surface structure of glume, feature of anther and surface structure of anther wall, it suggests that the consanguineous relationship be closer between cultivated rice and O. rufipogon.

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The Responses of Semidwarf Rice Lines to Gibberellic Acid Lin Hongxuan,Xiong Zhenmin,Min Shaokai,Yu Guilin,Zhu Xudong 1991, 5(1): 13-18 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   The effect of GA3 on plant height in 47 lines with different semidwarf gene was presented. The plant height of the lines with sd-1 gene is sensitive to GA3, but this responses is not significant in lines possessing semidwarf gene non-allelic to sd-1 gene in indica rice. It indicated this responses could be regard as a new simple approach to identify sd-1 gene in indica rice. In japonica rice, the lines possessing d-47,d-7,d-12,d-13,d-14,d-18h,d-19 and d-30 genes are sensitive to GA3 in plant height, and the lines with d-1,d-2,d-3,d-17 and sd-s(t)genes are not sensitive toGA3. The effects of GA3 on different components of the plant height are different among semidwarflines. The 3rd and 4th internodes from the top have most significant responses to GA3 among the plantheight components.

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Identification of Wide Compatibility and Heterosis in the Rice Strain “02428 Xuan” Wang Cailin,Zou Jiangshi,Wang Ziming,Li Chuanguo,Li Hebiao 1991, 5(1): 19-24 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (367KB) ( )   “02428 Xuan” was a japonica rice selection from wide compatibility strain 02428. It was characterised by early and concentrative blooming habit, and a large amount of pollen grains, and was especially advantageous to synchronizing the blooming time in hybrid seed production between indica and japonica. In comparison with 02428, “02428 Xuan” headed 8-9 days later, and was about 5 cm higher with broader leaves, larger panicles and smaller grains, and there existed apparent purple marker in itsapiculus. lt was identified that “02428 Xuan” had wide compatibility as the same as 02428, and obvious heterosis was shown when it crossed with indica or japonica testers. The potential breeding value of “02428 Xuan” was discussed in the utilization of heterosis between indica and japonica.

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Genetic Studies on Gel Consistency of Rice(Oryza sativa) Tang Shengxiang,G S Khush 1991, 5(1): 25-28 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (281KB) ( )   Inheritance and gene effects of gel consistency, one of important quality indexes, were studied in a 6×6 full diallel cross by the modified single grain analysis. The result showed that hard gel consistency was expressed as dominant trait over medium and soft one, and medium gel consistency was dominant over soft one. Graphic analysis of Vr-Wr indicated the possible involvement of one major gene along with several minor genes(modifiers) in governing the expression of the trait. The regression line cutting the Wr axis above the point of the origin suggested the average dominance being within the range of incomplete dominance. Analysis of genetic components of variation showed both additive and nonadditive gene effect being of importance. The narrow-sense heritability of the trait was high: h2(ns)=0.78. The importance on the parentage selection in the cross and the offspring selection in the earlier segregating generations in gel consistency improvement of rice is also discussed.

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The Model of Signal Production and the Simulation of Female Signals in Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stal)(Homootera: Delphacidae) (in English) Zhang Zhitao,Yin Baitao,Chen Lunyu,R X Saxena 1991, 5(1): 29-36 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (920KB) ( )   Sexual recognition and communication in Nilaparvata lugens(Stal) depended entirely on substrate-transmitted acoustic signals. The presence of stridulating organs both in males and females wasdiscovered recently. Signals are produced by a convolution homomorphic system, and the stridulating organ forms the hub of the system. Based on the model of signal production,analogues of female signal of N. lugens were made successfully using an electron simulator system.

研究简报

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Cold Tolerance Variation in Somaclones of Japonica Rice Jin Runzhou,Wu Changming,Wang Jingyu 1991, 5(1): 37-40 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (264KB) ( )

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Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on Germination and Growth of Polyembryonic Rice Tan Zhijun,Huang Yiqiang,Wang Guiyuan,Deng Hongde 1991, 5(1): 41-44 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (349KB) ( )