Abstract: Experiments on genetic effect of pigment content in pericarp of black rice grain were conducted with 6 combinations from 3 black pericarp rice varieties with different pigment contents and one non-pigmental variety. Genetic studies indicated that the means of pigment content in F₂ generations of 6 crosses were usually within the range of mid-parent, the frequencies of pigment content in pericarp was controlled by quantitative inheritance. On the other hand, a 7 ×7 diallel cross of 6 black pericarp rice cultivars and 1 non-pigmental rice cultivar was made, genetic analysis was conducted by Hayman's model. The results were as follows: the inheritance of pigment content could be described by an additive-dominance model, the alleles for high pigment content were dominant to those for low pigment content, the deep black pericarp was expressed as dominant trait over light black one, and black pericarp was dominant to non-pigmental one, in other words, least number of dominant gene was 2, and the average dominance was within the range of incomplete dominance, the action direction of all dominant locies was consistent, and the heritabilities in broad sence and narrow one were high. In accordance with the results, the problems related to the breeding of rice varieties with deep black pericarp or high pigment content in pericarp and high nutrient qualities were also discussed.

Key words: black pericarp rice, diallel cross, genetic effect, pericarp color, pigment content

摘要： 采用3个种皮颜色深浅不同的黑米稻品种与1个白米稻品种配制6个杂交组合，测定F₂单株黑米种皮中的色素含量。所有组合F₂群体的色素含量的平均值介于双亲之间，并呈现近似的正态分布，表现多基因控制的数量性状遗传。选用6个黑米稻品种与1个白米稻品种作7×7完全双列杂交，按Hayman模型进行遗传分析，结果表明，黑米稻种皮色素含量的遗传符合加性－显性模型，高色素含量的等位基因对低含量的等位基因表现显性，种皮深黑色对浅黑色、黑色对白色为显性；显性等位基因对提高色素含量起增效作用，隐性等位基因起减效作用；且广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均较高。在黑米稻的杂交育种中，可以种皮颜色作为主要目标，连续多代定向选择深黑色种皮的个体，并结合高世代的营养品质分析结果进行最终抉择，以保证所选黑米稻新品种（系）既有深黑色的种皮外观，又有丰富的营养成分。

关键词: 黑米稻, 双列杂交, 遗传效应, 种皮颜色, 色素含量