Effects of Root-cutting Treatment on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Rice at Different Seedling-ages

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.6057

Abstract

Abstract:

Supper hybrid rice F you 498 was used to investigate the effects of seedling-age (25 days old and 40 days old) and root-cutting (1/3, 2/3 and the whole root were cut off with no root-cutting as control) on the root response 0-48 hours and 1-29 days after root cutting, as well as dynamics of biomass accumulation, root morphology and nitrogen (N) absorption in a hydroculture experiment. The results showed that rice seedlings at various seedling ages responsed diversely to root-cutting. The proline content and soluble sugar content of the above-ground part had a significant peak after root-cutting, which was higher and reached the peak value in shorter time with the increase of the root-cutting ratio. The physiological resistance and resilience after root-cutting of 25-day seedling-age were superior to that of 40-day old seedling. In the views of root-cutting ratio, 1/3 root-cutting had positive effect on seedling growth. Compared to the control, the root length, root surface area, above-ground biomass, root biomass, nitrogen accumulation amount and root shoot ratio were higher 22 days after 1/3 root-cutting for 25-day old seedling. However, the root surface area in the whole growth stage decreased with the increaing root-cutting ratio for 40-day old seedling. The root-shoot ratio was higher than that of control 22 days after 1/3 root-cutting, and the above-ground biomass, root length, nitrogen accumulation amount and nitrogen content were also higher than those of control 29 days after 1/3 root-cutting. Besides, the root damage might inhibite the seedling growth and restrain the absorption of nutrients, which could affect the growth and development of rice seedling.

Key words: hybrid rice, seedling-age, root-cutting, physiological characteristics

摘要：

以超级杂交稻F优498为材料,采用旱育秧方式育苗,设置不同秧龄(25 d和40 d)和幼苗伤根处理(整株根系剪去1/3、2/3、全部,以不剪根为对照),进行水培试验,研究根系损伤后(0~48 h和1~29 d)的生理响应、物质积累、根系形态及氮素吸收特性。结果表明,剪根后不同秧龄秧苗受影响的程度及反应速度不同,秧苗地上部脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均出现了明显峰值,伤根程度越大,峰值越高,到达峰值的时间越早;25 d秧龄的幼苗在剪根后的生理抗性及恢复能力均明显强于40 d秧龄的幼苗。从剪根程度来看,不同秧龄下,剪根1/3处理对幼苗生长有一定促进作用,25 d秧龄,剪根1/3处理在处理后22 d,根系长度、根系表面积、地上部、根系干质量以及根冠比均大于对照,同时该处理氮素积累显著高于对照;40 d秧龄,整个生育期根系表面积均随剪根程度的增大而减小,剪根1/3处理在处理后22 d,根冠比显著大于对照,处理后29 d,地上部、根系干质量、根系长度、氮素积累量以及含氮率均大于对照,而伤根程度较大不仅会导致水稻幼苗根系生长受阻,同时会严重抑制根系对养分的吸收,从而影响水稻幼苗的生长发育。

关键词: 杂交稻, 秧龄, 剪根, 生理特性

CLC Number:

Ying-hong LI, Hai-yue WANG, Feng-jun YAN, Na LI, Yong-jian SUN, Zou DAI, Hua-ying XIE, Jun MA. Effects of Root-cutting Treatment on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Rice at Different Seedling-ages[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2016, 30(6): 626-636.

李应洪, 王海月, 严奉君, 李娜, 孙永健, 代邹, 谢华英, 马均. 剪根处理对不同秧龄杂交稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(6): 626-636.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1 Seedling quality at different seedling-ages.

秧龄 Seedling- age/d	株高 Plant height /cm	茎基宽 Stem width /mm	地上部干质量 Dry weight of above- ground part/g	地下部干质量 Dry weight of under- ground part/g	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	根长 Root length /cm	平均直径 Average root diameter/mm	表面积 Root surface area/cm²
25	19.12±0.66 b	2.53±0.13 b	0.154±0.006 b	0.049±0.002 b	0.319±0.023 a	281.23±5.08 b	0.908±0.005 a	69.42±0.64 b
40	31.44±1.41 a	3.61±0.18 a	0.262±0.002 a	0.077±0.002 a	0.294±0.009 a	311.27±5.34 a	0.743±0.030 b	78.55±1.00 a

Fig. 1. Effect of root-cutting treatments on proline content of rice plants at different seedling-ages. CK,C1,C2,C3 represent no root-cutting, 1/3 root-cutting, 2/3 root cutting and whole root cutting, respectively. The same as in the tables below.

Fig. 2. Effect of root-cutting treatments on soluble sugar content of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 3. Effect of root-cutting treatments on dry matter accumulation of above-ground part of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 4. Effect of root-cutting treatments on dry weight of root of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 5. Effect of root-cutting treatments on root-shoot ratio of rice plants at different seedling-ages. Different lowercase letters mean significant difference for a given seedling-age among different root-cutting treatments at 0.05 level (n=3, LSD). The same as below.

Fig. 6. Effect of root-cutting treatments on root length of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 7. Effect of root-cutting treatments on average root diameter of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 8. Effect of root-cutting treatments on root surface of rice plants in different seedling-ages.

Fig. 9. Effect of root-cutting treatments on N content of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

Fig. 10. Effect of root-cutting treatments on N accumulation of rice plants at different seedling-ages.

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