一次性基施控释掺混肥对水稻产量和倒伏性状的影响
收稿日期: 2025-06-16
修回日期: 2025-07-10
网络出版日期: 2026-07-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(32401969);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFD2301300);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
Effects of One-time Basal Application of Controlled-release Blended Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Lodging-related Traits
Received date: 2025-06-16
Revised date: 2025-07-10
Online published: 2026-07-15
【目的】倒伏是水稻丰产的关键限制因素，优化施肥策略以提升茎秆强度是降低水稻倒伏的重要途径之一。本研究旨在阐明不同类型肥料对水稻产量和倒伏性状的影响。【方法】利用2个常规粳稻品种(淮稻5号和南粳9108)和2种肥料类型(常规肥料和控释掺混肥)，在江苏稻麦轮作区开展大田试验。【结果】与常规肥料相比，控释掺混肥显著提高了水稻产量(+3.7%)，其中，淮稻5号和南粳9108的产量分别增加了3.3%和4.1%；水稻增产主要得益于有效穗数和总颖花量的提升。在倒伏性状方面，控释掺混肥显著降低了茎秆基部第1(−5.3%)和第2(−4.2%)节间的倒伏指数，对第3节间影响不显著。水稻倒伏指数下降的原因是控释掺混肥对茎秆抗折力的促进效应大于其对弯曲力矩的促进效应。控释掺混肥显著降低了茎秆基部第1和第2节间长度，而增加了节间粗度和茎壁厚度，进而提高了茎秆强度。【结论】一次性基施控释掺混肥可协同提升水稻产量与抗倒伏能力，为稻麦轮作区水稻高质量发展提供科学依据。
廖萍 , 刘若彤 , 孟轶 , 翁文安 , 都晗萌 , 李骏 , 高辉 , 张洪程 . 一次性基施控释掺混肥对水稻产量和倒伏性状的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2026 , 40(4) : 469 -475 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2026.250607
【Objective】Lodging is a critical constraint on achieving high and stable rice yields, and optimizing fertilization strategies to improve stem strength represents a key approach for reducing lodging risk in rice production. This study aims to elucidate the effects of different fertilizer types on rice yield and lodging-related traits.【Method】We conducted a field experiment including two japonica rice varieties (Huaidao 5 and Nanjing 9108) and two fertilizer types [conventional fertilizer (CF) and controlled-release blended fertilizer (CRBF)] in a rice-wheat rotation system in Jiangsu Province.【Results】Compared to CF, CRBF significantly increased rice yield (+3.7%), with Huaidao 5 and Nanjing 9108 exhibiting yield increases of 3.3% and 4.1%, respectively. The yield improvement was primarily attributed to the increased effective panicles and total spikelets. Regarding lodging traits, CRBF reduced the lodging index (LI) of the first (−5.3%) and second (−4.2%) basal internodes, while its impact on the third internode was not significant. The reduction of LI was attributed to a greater increase in breaking resistance than in bending moment. In addition, CRBF reduced internode length while increasing internode diameter and stem wall thickness at the first and second basal internodes, thereby enhancing stem strength.【Conclusion】CRBF synergistically improves rice yield and lodging resistance, and provides a scientific basis for high-quality rice production in the rice-wheat rotation system.
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