孕穗期低温对寒地不同水稻材料光合系统的影响研究
收稿日期: 2024-10-31
修回日期: 2025-03-25
网络出版日期: 2025-09-10
基金资助
黑龙江省省属科研业务费项目(CZKYF2023-1-C012);沈阳农业大学东北粳稻遗传改良与优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心开放课题）(KF2022-04);国家水稻产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-62);黑龙江省农业科学院创新工程资助项目(CX23ZD02)
Effect of Low Temperature at Booting Stage on Photosynthetic System of Different Rice Materials in Cold Region
Received date: 2024-10-31
Revised date: 2025-03-25
Online published: 2025-09-10
丁国华, 李鑫, 曹良子, 周劲松, 雷蕾, 白良明, 洛育, 杨光, 崔志波, 赵明辉, 孙世臣 . 孕穗期低温对寒地不同水稻材料光合系统的影响研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025 , 39(5) : 679 -689 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.241014
【Objective】The study aims to analyze the reasons for differences in photosynthetic system response to low temperature of early maturing rice materials at booting stage in cold regions, and to provide theoretical and material basis for breeding cold-tolerant and high-yield rice varieties at booting stage.【Method】Using high-quality cold-tolerant variety Longdao 18 (LD18) and the new cold-sensitive high-yielding germplasm Longdao 17029 (L9) derived from crosses between LD18 and upland rice as experimental materials, we studied the effects of chilling injury on flag leaf chloroplast ultrastructure, photosynthetic parameters, related enzyme activities, and gene expression in materials with different cold tolerance.【Result】Genomic analysis showed 75.03% similarity between LD18 and L9, with major differences on chromosomes 2 and 5. Under low temperature during booting-stage, LD18 had a significantly lower unfilled grain rate than L9. The SPAD value and chloroplast ultrastructure of LD18 flag leaves showed no significant changes, while L9 exhibited significantly decreased SPAD value, swollen and distorted chloroplasts and thylakoids, and produced abundant osmiophilic granules. Photosynthetic-related enzyme activities were higher in LD18 than those in L9. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR results indicated more differentially expressed genes in LD18 than in L9. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the most enriched pathways in LD18 versus L9 included photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism. RT-qPCR showed 3-fold upregulation of the photosynthesis-related gene RBCX1 in LD18 but downregulation in L9.【Conclusion】At booting stage under low temperature, LD18 exhibits stronger cold tolerance than L9. LD18 can mobilize more genes to cope with low-temperature stress, maintain chloroplast structural integrity, avoid reduction in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, and maintain higher photosynthetic enzyme activities.
Key words： chilling injury; booting stage; physiological trait; photosynthesis; transcriptome
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