水稻OsNF-YC10自然变异及其与谷粒宽度的相关性
收稿日期: 2024-07-17
修回日期: 2024-08-17
网络出版日期: 2025-07-21
基金资助
哈尔滨市科技项目(GJ2021TZ002007);科技部十四五重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFD1200702);2022年中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY2022A-HRB-02);四川省省院省校合作项目(2022YFSY0033)
Natural Variation of OsNF-YC10 and Its Correlation with Grain Width in Rice
Received date: 2024-07-17
Revised date: 2024-08-17
Online published: 2025-07-21
【目的】水稻谷粒宽度是粒型和粒重的重要决定因子，可影响水稻产量和稻米外观品质。迄今已发现大量基因突变可影响粒宽，但因突变存在其他显著负效应，真正具有育种价值的基因不多，挖掘新的粒宽基因特别是对品质和产量没有负效应的自然变异具有重要意义。【方法】通过小粒型籼稻(DR610)和大粒型粳稻(哈粳稻7号，HG7)的F2群体极端粒重个体的QTL-seq和已知影响粒型基因的联合分析，发现DR610的OsNF-YC10存在一个无义突变，这可能是其谷粒比HG7窄的原因。为探明OsNF-YC10变异与水稻粒宽的关系，我们对4000余份水稻种质中该基因的自然变异类型及其与粒宽的相关性进行分析。【结果】OsNF-YC10存在10种主要的单倍型，其中，以HG7为代表的单倍型(Hap1)为粳稻中的高频单倍型(1464/1509)；以DR610为代表的单倍型(Hap5)在第1048位核苷酸发生了一个C(HapC)→T(HapT)的无义突变，HapC型品种的粒宽(3.036 mm，n=1596)显著大于HapT型品种的粒宽(2.938 mm，n=309)，表明该基因的自然变异显著影响水稻粒宽。进一步分析发现，Hap1和Hap5单倍型存在明显的籼粳分化，后者主要分布在低纬度地区。最后，利用四引物ARMS-PCR，开发了一个区分C→T变异的分子标记，可用于粒型的分子标记辅助选择。【结论】本研究确定了OsNF-YC10的自然变异及其单倍型与粒宽的相关性，为粒宽的设计育种提供了重要参考。
陈嘉乐, 于清涛, 郑琛凡, 汪庆, 谭瑗瑗, 陈百翠, 李承欣, 蒋萌, 舒庆尧 . 水稻OsNF-YC10自然变异及其与谷粒宽度的相关性[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2025 , 39(4) : 552 -562 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240713
【Objective】 Grain width is an important determinant of grain type and grain weight, which can affect rice yield and appearance quality. So far, a large number of genes have been found to affect grain width, but only a limited number of genes have breeding value because mutations of other genes often have negative collateral effects. Hence, it is of great significance to explore new grain width genes and uncover natural variations that have no negative effects on quality and yield. DR610 is a small-grain indica rice and Hagengdao 7 (HG7) is a large-grain japonica rice. 【Method】 In this study, a QTL-seq was performed using the extreme grain weight individuals of the DR610×HG7 F2 population. Through the combined analysis of QTL-seq results and known genes affecting grain type, we found that a nonsense mutation of OsNF-YC10 in DR610 is likely to be the underlying genetic basis of its narrow grain. To determine the correlation between OsNF-YC10 variation and grain width, we analyzed the natural variation of OsNF-YC10 in more than 4000 rice germplasm accessions and its correlation with grain width. 【Result】 A total of 10 major OsNF-YC10 haplotypes were identified with HG7(Hap1) being the predominant haplotype (1464/1509) in japonica rice (1464 of 1509 accessions). The Hap5 (represented by DR610) contains a C(HapC)→T(HapT) nonsense mutation at nucleotide site 1048. The grain width of rice varieties with HapC (3.036 mm, n=1596) was significantly wider than that of HapT (2.938 mm, n= 309), indicating that this natural variation significantly affected the grain width. Further analysis showed that Hap1 and Hap5 are significantly differentiated between japonica and indica, with the latter mainly distributed in the low latitude regions. A molecular marker to distinguish C→T variants was developed using four tetra-primer ARMARMS-PCR, which can be used for marker-assisted selection of grain type. 【Conclusion】 In summary, this study determined the natural variation of OsNF-YC10, which is significantly correlated with the grain width. The finding is of importance to providing an important reference for breeding by design of grain type and weight in rice.
Key words： grain size; grain width; 1000-grain weight; QTL-seq; genotyping; tetra-primer ARMS-PCR
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