籼粳亚种间育性位点分型及籼粳杂交稻育性位点模式研究
收稿日期: 2023-08-04
修回日期: 2023-10-19
网络出版日期: 2024-07-11
基金资助
江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXQN202104);江西省种业联合攻关计划资助项目(JXZYLGGG3121607)
Typing of Inter-subspecific Fertility Loci and Fertility Locus Pattern of indica-japonica Hybrid Rice
Received date: 2023-08-04
Revised date: 2023-10-19
Online published: 2024-07-11
【目的】 了解我国籼稻、粳稻材料及籼粳杂交稻组合中亚种间育性位点的分布，建立实现亚种间育性亲和所需遗传位点模式，探索新的籼粳杂交稻组合模式，为亚种间亲和材料改良和籼粳育性亲和分子设计育种打下基础。【方法】 通过筛选得到育性位点的籼粳分型标记对我国水稻材料进行育性位点的籼粳分型检测，挑选部分籼稻、粳稻亲本进行杂交并统计分析F1代花粉育性和结实率。【结果】 籼稻和粳稻之间在所有育性位点均存在少量相互渗入。由于籼稻育性位点渗入，粳稻可以分为Ⅰ型（所有位点均为粳型）和Ⅱ型（Sci、Sdi和Sei，上标i代表来自籼稻）。S5不亲和时籼粳杂交稻结实率约为50%，亲和时结实率约为80%。Sa、Sb、Sc或Sd单个位点杂合对于花粉育性影响较小，但Se/pf12/RHS12单个位点杂合时显著降低花粉育性。籼粳杂交稻材料检测结果表明其育性位点的基本模式是S5和部分花粉育性位点纯合/亲和。带有S5n的籼稻两系不育系深08S与粳稻Ⅱ型材料的杂交F1代的花粉育性和结实率正常。【结论】 S5是控制雌配子育性的核心位点。影响雄配子育性的位点具有累加效应，其中Se可能是不可缺少的重要位点。S5+Se与Sa、Sb、Sc、Sd任意两个纯合位点可能是实现籼粳亚种间育性亲和的基本遗传位点模式。以广亲和两系籼稻不育系为母本，常规粳稻为父本的“籼不粳恢”籼粳杂交模式是一个可行的亚种间组合模式。
陈明亮, 曾细华, 沈雨民, 罗世友, 胡兰香, 熊文涛, 熊焕金, 吴小燕, 肖叶青 . 籼粳亚种间育性位点分型及籼粳杂交稻育性位点模式研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2024 , 38(4) : 386 -396 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2024.230801
【Objective】 The objective of this study is to investigate the distribution of inter-subspecific fertility loci in indica rice, japonica rice, and indica-japonica hybrid rice in China. This involves establishing a pattern of fertility loci to achieve compatibility between different subspecies, exploring new indica-japonica hybrid rice patterns, and laying a molecular basis for improving materials and breeding designs for inter-subspecific compatibility.【Method】 Specific markers for indica and japonica rice were used to screen for inter-subspecific fertility loci in rice materials from China. Several indica and japonica rice varieties were crossed with each other, and the pollen fertility and seed setting rate of the resulting hybrids were statistically analyzed.【Results】 There was limited genetic exchange between indica and japonica rice at the fertility loci. Due to introgression of fertility loci from indica rice, japonica rice could be classified into type I (pure japonica) and type II (with introgressed indica loci such as Sci, Sdi, and Sei). When S5 was incompatible, the seed setting rate of inter-subspecific hybrid rice was approximately 50%, while it increased to about 80% when compatible. Heterozygosity at Sa, Sb, Sc, or Sd loci had minimal impact on pollen fertility, but heterozygosity of Se/pf12/RHS12 significantly reduced it. The detection results of inter-subspecific hybrid rice materials indicated that the basic fertility loci pattern was homozygous or compatible S5 along with several other fertility loci for pollen fertility. The pollen fertility and seed setting rate of F1 hybrids from the indica two-line male sterile line Shen 08S with S5n and japonica type II rice were normal.【Conclusion】 SS5 is the core locus controlling female gamete fertility, while loci affecting male gamete fertility have an additive effect. Se may be an indispensable locus among them. The possible basic genetic locus patterns for achieving fertility compatibility between indica and japonica subspecies include S5+Se+two other loci among Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd. The ‘maternal indica paternal japonica’ model, utilizing two-line indica rice male sterile lines with wide compatibility as female parents and japonica rice as male parents, presents another feasible inter-subspecific hybrid rice model.
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