外包服务对中老年劳动力参与水稻生产的影响
收稿日期: 2022-07-11
修回日期: 2022-08-03
网络出版日期: 2022-11-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71773140)
Effects of Outsourcing Services on Elderly Farmers Participation in Rice Production
Received date: 2022-07-11
Revised date: 2022-08-03
Online published: 2022-11-10
【目的】随着中国社会老龄化的加速，农业劳动者高龄化的趋势进一步凸显。本研究以水稻生产为例，分析并检验农业生产外包服务对中老年劳动力参与生产的影响，为理解和适应农业部门老龄化提供一个新的视角。【方法】从提高老年人自我养老能力的角度，分析外包服务对农业劳动力年龄水平和年龄结构的影响，并将生产外包服务的环节差异纳入分析框架，采用内生转换模型(Endogenous Switch Model，ESM)检验农业生产外包服务对老年劳动力参与生产的影响。【结果】水稻生产外包服务显著提高了低龄老年劳动力生产参与率，对中龄老年劳动力生产参与率则无显著影响。在水稻种植的不同生产环节中，采用耕地、育种和收割环节外包服务对老年人农业参与起到促进作用，而采用移栽和病虫害防治环节外包服务表现出抑制作用。【结论】水稻生产外包服务总体上能放松老年人进行农业生产的约束，有利于老年劳动力参与生产，但仍需加强移栽和病虫害防治环节的生产社会化服务建设。
唐若迪, 陈超 . 外包服务对中老年劳动力参与水稻生产的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022 , 36(6) : 647 -655 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.220704
【Objective】 With the accelerated aging of the Chinese population, the aging trend of agricultural labor force is further accentuated. Using rice production as an example, this manuscript analyzes and examines the supporting role of outsourcing services for the participation of the aged labor force in agricultural production, providing a new perspective for understanding and adapting to the aging of the agricultural sector. 【Method】 From the perspective of improving the self-supporting ability of the aged famers, this thesis examined the impact of outsourcing services on the aging level and structure of agricultural labor force, analyzed and tested the supporting role of outsourcing services in agricultural production on the aged labor participation, incorporating the link difference of production outsourcing into the analytical framework by using endogenous switch model. 【Result】 Rice production outsourcing services significantly increases the labor participation rate of low-aged agricultural laborers, while there is no significant effect on the labor participation of middle-aged agricultural laborers. Among the different production links of rice cultivation, outsourcing in tillage, seed breeding and harvesting promotes the agricultural participation of the aged famers, while transplanting and pest control showed inhibitory effects.【Conclusion】 Rice production outsourcing services can generally ease the constraints on the aged famers in agricultural production and promote their agricultural production participation, but it is still necessary to upgrade privately-owned production services in transplanting and pest control links.
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