姊妹系间杂交快速培育优良食味半糯粳稻新品种的育种效果
收稿日期: 2021-04-11
修回日期: 2021-05-12
网络出版日期: 2021-09-10
基金资助
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-62);江苏省种业创新基金资助项目(PZCZ201703);江苏省自主创新基金资助项目(CX[20]2002)
Rapid Breeding of New Semi-glutinous japonica Rice Varieties with Good Eating Quality by Crossing Between Sister Lines
Received date: 2021-04-11
Revised date: 2021-05-12
Online published: 2021-09-10
【目的】优良食味半糯粳稻由于食味品质优良,在长三角地区受到广大农户和消费者的青睐,已成为该地区优质稻米品牌打造的主力品种。为了加快新品种培育速度,我们尝试通过生育期不同的优良食味半糯粳稻姊妹系间杂交的方法培育半糯粳稻新品种。【方法】以来源于武香粳14/关东194的中熟晚粳稻南粳46(全生育期165~170 d)与迟熟中粳稻南粳9108(全生育期150~155 d)互交,通过F2单株选择和F3~F5的优系选择,在F6获得了38个生育期不同(全生育期140~170 d)的半糯新品系。以亲本南粳46和南粳9108为对照,对新品系进行多年多点的比较试验及产量和抗性鉴定,分析新品系的淀粉理化指标、RVA谱特征值和食味品质。【结果】绝大多数性状有超亲表现,且多数入选新品系农艺性状稳定快,食味品质好,综合性状优良,产量较高。其中,南粳9036、南粳9308、南粳9008已通过江苏省品种审定,5个新品系正在参加各级区域试验。【结论】通过食味品质和综合性状优良、生态类型不同的半糯粳稻姊妹系间杂交,可以快速培育优良食味半糯粳稻新品种。
王才林, 张亚东, 陈涛, 朱镇, 赵庆勇, 姚姝, 赵凌, 赵春芳, 周丽慧, 魏晓东, 路凯, 梁文化 . 姊妹系间杂交快速培育优良食味半糯粳稻新品种的育种效果[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021 , 35(5) : 455 -465 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.210405
【Objective】 In recent years, semi-glutinous japonica rice with good taste is favored by farmers and consumers in the Yangtze River Delta region due to its good taste quality, and has become the main varieties for high-quality rice brand building in this region. In order to speed up the breeding of new varieties, we tried to breed new varieties of semi- glutinous japonica rice with good taste by crossing between sister lines of semi-glutinous japonica rice with different growth durations. 【Method】 By the reciprocal crossing between the mid-maturing late japonica rice Nanjing 46 (whole growth duration 165-170 d) and the late-maturing medium japonica rice Nanjing 9108 (whole growth duration 150-155 d) derived from the progeny of Wuxiangjing 14 / Kanto 194, 38 new semi-glutinous lines with different growth periods (whole growth period 140-170 d) were obtained in F6 generation through individual plant selection of F2 and superior line selection of F3-F5. Taking parents Nanjing 46 and Nanjing 9108 as control, 38 new lines were compared for several years, and their resistance to rice blast, agronomic traits, yield and their components, starch physicochemical indexes, RVA spectrum characteristic values and eating quality were analyzed. 【Result】 Most of the new lines have better agronomic characters than their parents, and most of them showed good eating quality, stable agronomic traits, excellent comprehensive characters and high yield. Among them, Nanjing 9036, Nanjing 9308 and Nanjing 66 achieved the variety approval in Jiangsu Province, and five new lines are in the middle of the regional trails in Jiangsu Province. 【Conclusion】 New varieties of semi-glutinous japonica rice with good eating quality and comprehensive characters can be rapidly bred by crossing between sister lines of semi-glutinous japonica rice falling into different ecological types.
Key words： semi-glutinous japonica rice; good eating quality; sister line; breeding
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