晚播晚栽机插水稻群体生长特征及其调控策略
收稿日期: 2019-12-16
修回日期: 2020-03-27
网络出版日期: 2021-01-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFD0300502）;江苏省重点研发计划（现代农业）资助项目（BE2015320）
PopulationGrowthCharacteristics and Cultivation Strategies of Mechanically Transplanted Rice in Late Seeding and Planting Conditions
Received date: 2019-12-16
Revised date: 2020-03-27
Online published: 2021-01-10
仇景涛, 任晓佳, 蒋天昊, 顾雪怡, 张祖建 . 晚播晚栽机插水稻群体生长特征及其调控策略[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021 , 35(1) : 47 -58 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2021.9139
【Objective】It is of great importance to knowthe long-term special application value of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions.【Method】Anexperiment was conducted in southern Jiangsu to analyze the yield performance and population growthcharacteristics of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions. Further, the impact of cultivation measures on population development and yield of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions was analyzed at different plantingdensitiesand panicle-promoting fertilizer application level.【Result】Due to the decrease in the number of panicleand grain number per panicle, and slightly-affected seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight,the yield of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions decreased to some extent. peak seedling number of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions was relatively advanced, and the productive tiller percentage decreased significantly. The accumulation and translocationof assilimateswere affected to some extent. NSC accumulation in the stem and sheath decreased during heading stage, and the export rate and conversion rate instem and sheath also showed a downward trend. It can be seen that there was an inevitable disadvantage in production and yield formation of the mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and late planting conditions. By increasing the density, the number of panicleper unit area increased significantly, the performance of above-ground dry matter accumulation increased, and the yield increased significantly. Atthe same density, with the increase of the nitrogen application level of panicle-promotingfertilizer, the yield first increased and then decreased. However, seed setting, excessive panicle-promotingfertilizer application was not conducive to the dry matter accumulation of mechanically transplanted rice in late seeding and planting conditions. The combination of higher density with the appropriate level of panicle-promoting fertilizer could increase the percentage of productive tillers, and maintain the leaf activity during seed setting and good production capacity in the middle and late phases.【Conclusion】With higher transplanting density, the late seeded and mechanically transplanted rice can gain strong growth momentum at early growth stage and favorable population quality.The unproductive tiller number decreasesby reducing fertilizer application in the middle and late growth stages so as to achieve relatively high yield and production efficiency.
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