水稻淀粉合成对夜温变化的响应
收稿日期: 2020-07-01
修回日期: 2020-09-11
网络出版日期: 2020-11-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD0300409);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LQ20C130009）;现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-22)
Response ofRice Starch Synthesis to Night Temperature Changes
Received date: 2020-07-01
Revised date: 2020-09-11
Online published: 2020-11-10
张玉屏, 王军可, 王亚梁, 陈燕华, 朱德峰, 陈惠哲, 向镜, 张义凯, 刘小军, 朱艳, 曹卫星 . 水稻淀粉合成对夜温变化的响应[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020 , 34(6) : 525 -538 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.0701
【Objective】To clarify the effect of night temperature changes on rice starch accumulation, and to explore circadian changes ofphysiological characteristics of rice amylose/amylopectin formation atvarious night temperatures.【Method】High-quality japonica rice ‘Zhehexiang 2’ was subjected to three night temperature gradients of 31℃/20℃ (LT), 31℃/24℃ (NT), and 31℃/28℃ (HT) at the beginning of grain ripening stage, and the amylose and amylopectin contents, the key enzyme activities involvedin amylose and amylopectin formation and the expression of related genes were measured at noon and midnight. 【Result】The results showed that1) compared with NT, LT and HT treatments significantly reduced grain weight and starch accumulation, LT and HT both reduced amylopectin content and increased amylose content, meanwhile the effect of HT was greater than LT. LT and HT treatments decreased grain pasting temperature and gel consistency, and hada significantinfluence on branched chain length. 2) The net photosynthetic rate of leaves under LT and HT presented no significant difference compared to NT, but LT and HT significantly reduced the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates, meanwhile down-regulated the expression level of sucrose transporter genes OsSUT1, OsSUT2, and OsSUT4 both at noon and midnight.3) LT and HT treatment reduced sucrose hydrolysis-related enzyme activities, meanwhile promoted starch hydrolase activities, resulting in increased soluble sugar contents,sugar utilization in grain was blocked.4) Compared with NT, the adenosine diphosphate glucose content showed a downward tendency during the day and a rising trend at night under the treatment of LT and HT,which presented that the accumulation and utilization of adenosine diphosphate glucose were inhibited. And the granules bound starch synthetaseactivity weresignificantly reduced under LT and HT compared to NT with the prolongation of the treatment, and the enzyme activity at daytimewas significantly influenced by temperature changing at night.5) Compared with NT, LT and HT reduced the activitiesof night-time amylopectin synthesis-related enzymes and inhibited the expression of night-time related genes, which retarded formation of amylopectin, but the enzyme activitiesrelated to amylopectin synthesis was not significantly influenced by night temperature changing. 【Conclusion】High night temperature hada lesseffect on starch accumulation than low night temperature. High or low night temperatureinhibitedsucrose transport and metabolism,resulting in declined starch accumulation. The retarding of amylopectin formation was the main reason for the increase of relative content of amylose at high or low night temperature.Night temperature changes directly affected the metabolic process of starch formation at night, but the daytime activities of amylose-related enzymes wereaffected by night temperature changes, while the daytime activities of amylopectin-related enzymes werenot significantly affected by night temperature changes.
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