减氮后中日粳稻品种杂交后代株型、产量和米质的变化及其相互关系
收稿日期: 2019-04-30
修回日期: 2019-06-16
网络出版日期: 2020-03-10
基金资助
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFD0100502）;国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS-01-13）;公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201403002-2）
Variation of Plant Type, Yield and Quality of Hybrid Progenies of Chinese and Japanese Japonica Rice Varieties Under Nitrogen Reduction Practice and Their Interrelation
Received date: 2019-04-30
Revised date: 2019-06-16
Online published: 2020-03-10
【目的】研究氮肥减施后中日粳稻品种杂交构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体株型、产量和米质性状的变化规律及其相互关系。【方法】以中国东北地区典型的直立穗型水稻辽粳5号与日本的优质米水稻秋田小町（弯曲穗型）杂交构建的RIL群体为试材,在高氮和低氮两种施肥模式下,调查株型、产量及米质性状,分析三者间的关系,探讨高产、稳产、高食味值类型株系的共同特征。【结果】氮肥减施后RIL群体齐穗期提前,株高降低,剑叶、倒2叶、倒3叶叶片变窄变短,剑叶基角变小,倒3叶基角变大,结实率、千粒重、经济系数增大,单株穗数减少,产量下降,糙米率和精米率提高,食味值提高。在两种施肥模式下,高产高食味值类型株系与低产低食味类型株系的显著区别是植株较高,叶片长,穗子长,一次枝梗结实率高,着粒密度较小;高产稳产类型株系的共同特征是剑叶较窄、剑叶基角较大;高产稳产高食味值类型株系的共同特征是剑叶和倒2叶较窄。【结论】株型特征可以用来间接选择高产、稳产、高食味值的水稻品种。
杜志敏, 刘晓琳, 邵丹蕾, 张楠, 王祎玮, 王镜博, 伍晓康, 胡涛, 夏原野, 徐海 . 减氮后中日粳稻品种杂交后代株型、产量和米质的变化及其相互关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020 , 34(2) : 171 -180 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.9051
【Objective】Our aim is to study the variation of plant type, yield and rice quality of hybrid progenies of Chinese and Japanese japonica rice varieties under nitrogen fertilizer reduction and their interrelation.【Method】The recombinant inbred line (RIL) population constructed by crossing Liaojing 5, a typical erect panicle type rice variety in Northeast China with Akita Koizumi (curved panicle type), a good quality rice variety in Japan, was used as test material under two different fertilization modes of high nitrogen and low nitrogen levels. The changes of plant type, yield and rice quality and their relationship were analyzed. The common characteristics of rice varieties with high yield, stable yield and high taste value were summarized. 【Result】The full heading stage of RIL population was advanced, the plant height decreased, the flag leaf, top second leaf and top third leaf narrowed and shortened, the base angle of flag leaf decreased, the base angle of top third leaf increased, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, economic coefficient increased, panicle number and yield decreased, brown rice rate, milled rice rate and taste value increased. Compared with low-yield and low-taste rice type, high yield and high taste rice type has higher plants, longer leaves and panicles, higher seed setting rate on primary rachis branches, and lower grain density; high- and stable-yield type was featured by narrower leaves, larger base angle of flag leaves; high- and stable-yield and high-taste types were characterized by narrower flag leaves and the second leaf under the two fertilization patterns. 【Conclusion】Plant type characteristics can be used to indirectly select rice varieties with high yield, stable yield and high taste value.
Key words： nitrogen reduction; plant-type; yield; quality; taste value
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