目的 推广应用良种是发展高产优质高效农业的重要措施。良种推广意味着新品种代替老品种,即品种演替。了解品种的演替规律,不仅有助于了解育种历史,而且对育种和监管也能提供参考。本研究拟开发一套客观计算品种演替规律的算法。方法 基于ASP.net平台和VB.net语法,编写程序算法,对SQL Server 2008数据库中收录的品种数据进行分析,得出过去30多年来我国水稻品种演替的一般规律。结果 程序分析发现,基于面积变化的算法,得出水稻品种年均更替率约11.1%,基于品种个数变化的算法,得出水稻品种年均更替率约29.7%。结论 我国水稻生产上,育成品种长期保持了较快的更替速率。分析了品种更替速率快的原因,并对今后提高育种效率提出了一些建议。

【Objective】Wide application of improved varieties is an important measure to develop high-yield, good quality and high-efficiency agriculture. It means that old varieties are replaced by new ones, namely, variety evolution. The insight into the evolution pattern of varieties not only helps understand the breeding history, but also provides a reference for breeding and supervision. We developed an algorithm for objective calculation of the replacement pattern of rice varieties in this study. 【Method】Based on the ASP. net platform and VB. net syntax, a program was compiled to analyze the rice variety data collected in SQL Server 2008 database, and the general rules of rice variety evolution in China in the past 30 years were obtained. 【Result】Program analysis shows that the average annual replacement rate of rice varieties is about 11.1% based on the area change algorithm, and 29.7% based on the variety number change algorithm. 【Conclusion】In rice production in China, the improved varieties have been replaced at a faster rate for a long time. The reasons for the high rate of varieties succession are analyzed, and some suggestions are put forward to improve the breeding efficiency.