实地氮肥管理对不同氮响应粳稻品种产量和品质的影响

剧成欣, 陈尧杰, 赵步洪, 刘立军, 王志琴, 杨建昌

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2018.7102 237

中国水稻科学 >

2018 , Vol. 32 >Issue 3: 237 - 246

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16819/j.1001-7216.2018.7102 237

研究报告

实地氮肥管理对不同氮响应粳稻品种产量和品质的影响

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¹扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州 225009
²江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州 225007

^*通讯联系人,E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2017-08-27

修回日期: 2018-01-03

网络出版日期: 2018-05-10

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31461143015, 31471438, 31471447);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014AA10A605);国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFD0300206-4);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(17)3042);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);扬州大学高端人才支持计划资助项目(2015-1)

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Effect of Site-Specific Nitrogen Management on Grain Yield and Quality of japonicaRice Varieties Differed in Response to Nitrogen

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¹JiangsuKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
²Lixiahe Region Agricultural Research Instituteof Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225007, China

^*Corresponding author, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn

Received date: 2017-08-27

Revised date: 2018-01-03

Online published: 2018-05-10

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摘要

【目的】本研究旨在阐明实地氮肥管理对不同氮响应粳稻品种产量、氮肥利用效率和稻米品质的影响。【方法】以4个粳稻品种(淮稻5号、连粳7号、宁粳1号和扬粳4308)为材料,设置了氮空白、农民常规施肥和实地氮肥管理3个氮肥处理,观察了不同氮肥处理下产量构成、氮肥利用效率和稻米品质的变化特征。【结果】与农民常规施肥相比,实地氮肥管理显著提高了水稻的产量和氮肥利用效率。实地氮肥管理显著提高了水稻的整精米率、胶稠度、热浆黏度和崩解值,显著增加了稻米中清蛋白和谷蛋白的含量,显著降低了垩白度、直链淀粉含量和糊化温度。依据不同品种在较低施氮量下产量和氮肥利用效率的响应,将供试品种分为A型(淮稻5号和连粳7号)和B型(宁粳1号和扬粳4038)。与氮响应B型品种相比,氮响应A型品种的整精米率、清蛋白和谷蛋白含量、崩解值较高,垩白度、直链淀粉含量、消减值较低。【结论】实地氮肥管理可以提高不同粳稻品种的产量和氮肥利用效率,对氮响应A型品种的效果更为明显,其米质对氮肥的响应更为敏感。

关键词： 水稻; 氮响应; 实地氮肥管理; 产量; 稻米品质

本文引用格式

剧成欣, 陈尧杰, 赵步洪, 刘立军, 王志琴, 杨建昌 . 实地氮肥管理对不同氮响应粳稻品种产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2018 , 32(3) : 237 -246 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2018.7102 237

Abstract

【Objective】The aim is to clarify theeffect of site-specific nitrogen management on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of japonicarice varieties with different nitrogen responses. 【Method】 Using fourjaponicarice varieties(Huaidao 5, Lianjing 7, Ningjing 1 and Yangjing 4038) as material, three nitrogen managements, zeronitrogen plot(ZN), farmers’common practice(FCP) and site-specific nitrogen management (SSNM), were applied during the growing season.The yield components, nitrogen use efficiency and grain qualitywere investigated.【Result】Compared with FCP,SSNM significantly increased grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency, especiallyforvarieties with A-type nitrogen response(typeA). SSNM significantly improvedhead rice percentage, gel consistency, hot viscosity and breakdown values, and increased the content of albumin and glutelin, reduced chalkiness, amylose content and gelatinization temperature.Compared with varieties fallen in B-type of nitrogen response(type B), A-type varieties had a greater head rice percentage and breakdown values at the same nitrogen management, higher content of albumin and glutelin, lower chalkiness, amylose content and setback value.【Conclusion】SSNM could significantly increase grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency for both A-type andB-typevarieties,andA-type varieties were more sensitive to nitrogen in terms of grain quality of rice.

Key words： rice; nitrogen response; site-specific nitrogen management; yield; grain quality

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