剪根处理对不同秧龄杂交稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响
收稿日期: 2016-04-01
修回日期: 2016-05-17
网络出版日期: 2016-11-10
基金资助
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD07B13);四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0044);四川省科技支撑计划资助项目(2014NZ0040,2014NZ0041,2014NZ0047);四川省育种攻关专项(2011NZ0098-15)
Effects of Root-cutting Treatment on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Rice at Different Seedling-ages
Received date: 2016-04-01
Revised date: 2016-05-17
Online published: 2016-11-10
以超级杂交稻F优498为材料,采用旱育秧方式育苗,设置不同秧龄(25 d和40 d)和幼苗伤根处理(整株根系剪去1/3、2/3、全部,以不剪根为对照),进行水培试验,研究根系损伤后(0~48 h和1~29 d)的生理响应、物质积累、根系形态及氮素吸收特性。结果表明,剪根后不同秧龄秧苗受影响的程度及反应速度不同,秧苗地上部脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均出现了明显峰值,伤根程度越大,峰值越高,到达峰值的时间越早;25 d秧龄的幼苗在剪根后的生理抗性及恢复能力均明显强于40 d秧龄的幼苗。从剪根程度来看,不同秧龄下,剪根1/3处理对幼苗生长有一定促进作用,25 d秧龄,剪根1/3处理在处理后22 d,根系长度、根系表面积、地上部、根系干质量以及根冠比均大于对照,同时该处理氮素积累显著高于对照;40 d秧龄,整个生育期根系表面积均随剪根程度的增大而减小,剪根1/3处理在处理后22 d,根冠比显著大于对照,处理后29 d,地上部、根系干质量、根系长度、氮素积累量以及含氮率均大于对照,而伤根程度较大不仅会导致水稻幼苗根系生长受阻,同时会严重抑制根系对养分的吸收,从而影响水稻幼苗的生长发育。
李应洪, 王海月, 严奉君, 李娜, 孙永健, 代邹, 谢华英, 马均 . 剪根处理对不同秧龄杂交稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016 , 30(6) : 626 -636 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.6057
Supper hybrid rice F you 498 was used to investigate the effects of seedling-age (25 days old and 40 days old) and root-cutting (1/3, 2/3 and the whole root were cut off with no root-cutting as control) on the root response 0-48 hours and 1-29 days after root cutting, as well as dynamics of biomass accumulation, root morphology and nitrogen (N) absorption in a hydroculture experiment. The results showed that rice seedlings at various seedling ages responsed diversely to root-cutting. The proline content and soluble sugar content of the above-ground part had a significant peak after root-cutting, which was higher and reached the peak value in shorter time with the increase of the root-cutting ratio. The physiological resistance and resilience after root-cutting of 25-day seedling-age were superior to that of 40-day old seedling. In the views of root-cutting ratio, 1/3 root-cutting had positive effect on seedling growth. Compared to the control, the root length, root surface area, above-ground biomass, root biomass, nitrogen accumulation amount and root shoot ratio were higher 22 days after 1/3 root-cutting for 25-day old seedling. However, the root surface area in the whole growth stage decreased with the increaing root-cutting ratio for 40-day old seedling. The root-shoot ratio was higher than that of control 22 days after 1/3 root-cutting, and the above-ground biomass, root length, nitrogen accumulation amount and nitrogen content were also higher than those of control 29 days after 1/3 root-cutting. Besides, the root damage might inhibite the seedling growth and restrain the absorption of nutrients, which could affect the growth and development of rice seedling.
Key words： hybrid rice; seedling-age; root-cutting; physiological characteristics
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