根据抗病等位基因Pita、Pib与pita、pib感病等位基因在DNA序列上的差异，合成Pita引物YL155/YL87和YL183/YL87，Pib基因引物PibdomF/PibdomR和Lys145F/Lys145R。利用这两套分子标记检测了176份云南地方稻种抗性基因Pita和Pib的分布。结果表明，供试材料中72份含有Pita基因，占40.9%，其中99份粳稻中有28份含有Pita基因，占28.3%；77份籼稻中有44份含有该基因，占57.1%；抗性基因Pita在粳稻和籼稻品种中的分布频率存在明显差异，籼稻高于粳稻；Pita基因主要分布于玉溪、保山、临沧、思茅等地区。而176份供试材料中仅有33份含有Pib基因，占18.8%，其中99份粳稻中有18份含有该基因，占18.2%；77份籼稻中有15份含有该基因，占19.5%；Pib基因主要分布在滇西部的怒江、保山和昭通等地区。分别选取具有代表性的18及17份材料在温室进行Pita和Pib基因抗性鉴定，结果与分子鉴定结果基本相符。
The existence of the two genes of Pita and Pib in 176 rice landraces from Yunnan Province were rapidly determined using the dominant DNA markers of Pita/pita and Pib/pib alleles(YL155/YL18 and YL183/YL87 for the former, PibdomF/Pib dom R and Lys14SF/Lys145R for the latter designed according to their difference in sequence). The results showed that Pita was found in 72 among 176 landraces with the frequency of 40.9%. Among them, Pita was found in 44 among 77 indica and 28 among 99 japonica cultivars, the frequency in indica and japonica were 57.1% and 28.3%, respectively. The distribution frequency of the resistance gene Pita in the japonica and indica varieties significantly differed, the frequency was higher in indica than in japonica cultivars. While Pib was found in 33 among 176 landraces with the frequency of 18.8%. Among them, Pib was found in 15 indica and 18 japonica cultivars, the frequency in indica and japonica were 19.5% and 18.2%, respectively. Pita was mainly distributed in Yuxi, Baoshan, Lincang and Simao prefectures, while Pib was mainly distributed in Nujiang, Baoshan and Zhaotong prefectures of Yunnan Province. The results of pathogenic assays with the rice blast fungus in greenhouse were generally consistent with the results of molecular identification.
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