In order to determine the effect of nutrient deficiency on rice grain filling and lay the scientific basis for highyielding cultivation, the protein expression profiles in grains of early hybrid rice Weiyou 916 were analyzed by proteomics approach under nutrition deficiency and full nutrition application at late developmental stage. Twodimensional electrophoresis gel analysis showed that 37 protein spots changed in abundance, 27 proteins involved photosynthesis (4 proteins), grain development (13 proteins), stress response (9 proteins) and respiration (1 protein) were identified by ESIQ MS/MS. Under nutrient deficiency conditions, proteins associated with stress response upregulated in expression abundance at early and middle filling stage, photosynthesis decreased and respiration increased at later stage. The nitrogen metabolism was affected by nutrient deficiency，resulting in delayed synthesis of glutein and germlike proteins, and low accumulation of protein and fat, which may result in insufficient grain filling and low yield.
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