选取具有代表性的100份亚洲栽培稻品种，应用程氏指数和109个SSR分子标记对它们进行分类。结果表明，等位酶Ⅰ群（典型籼稻）和ⅥA群（温带粳稻）程氏指数和SSR标记亚结构特征均十分明显，拟合度较高（73.3%～100%）。Mantel检测揭示，程氏指数与SSR分子标记进行栽培稻分类存在明显的正相关，两种方法各个材料间遗传距离的相关达极显著水平（r＝0.466，P<0.01）。遗传结构和聚类分析表明，在籼粳亚种水平上，程氏指数和SSR标记分类结果趋于一致，但在亚种内亚结构分析中，程氏指数偏差较大，SSR标记具有更高的准确性。 同时， SSR分析表明混合型材料多存在于Ⅱ群和Ⅵ群内部。
A total of one hundred cultivated rice accessions were grouped based on Cheng’s index and SSR polymorphism. The results showed that the subpopulation features of allozyme groupⅠ (indica) and allozyme group ⅥA (temperate japonica) were obvious both classified by Cheng’s index and SSR marker, with goodness of fit ranging from 73.3% to 100%. Mantel test revealed that the Euclidean distance of Cheng’s index was significantly correlated with Nei’s genetic distance of 109 SSR loci (r=0.466, P<0.01). According to both modelbased structure and UPGMA cluster analysis, the classification results at subspecies level based on Cheng’s index coincided with that on SSR marker. Within subspecies, the subpopulations classified by Cheng’s phenotypic characters showed lower goodness of fit than SSR marker. In addition, allozyme group Ⅱ (aus, boro) and allozyme group Ⅵ (temperate japonica, tropical japonica) had more mixture types based on SSR locus analysis.
\[1\]Kato S, Kosaka H, Hara S. On the affinity of rice varieties as shown by the fertility of hybrid plants. Bull Sci Fac Agric Kyushu Univ, 1928, 3:132147.
\[2\]Matsuo T. Genecological studies on cultivated rice. Bull Natl Inst Agric Sci，1952, D3: 1111. (in Japanese)
\[3\]Oka H I. Intervarietal variation and classification of cultivated rice. Indian J Genet Plant Breed, 1958, 18: 7989.
\[4\]丁颖. 中国水稻栽培学. 北京：中国农业出版社，1961：83184.
\[5\]Glaszmann J C. Isozymes and classification of Asian rice varieties. Theor Appl Genet, 1987, 74: 2130.
\[6\]Garris A J, Tai T H, Coburn J, et al. Genetic structure and diversity in Oryza sativa L. Genetics, 2005, 169: 16311638.
\[7\] Zhang D L, Zhang H L, Wang M X, et al. Genetic structure and differentiation of Oryza sativa L. in China revealed by microsatellites. Theor Appl Genet,2009, 119（6）： 11051117.
\[8\] Cheng K S. A statistical evaluation of the classification of rice cultivars into hsien and keng subspecies. Rice Genet Newsl, 1988, 4: 4648.
\[9\]程侃声. 亚洲栽培稻籼粳亚种的鉴别. 昆明：云南科技出版社，1993：67.
\[10\]Nakamura M, Yoshimura A, Iwata N. Phylogenetic study of cultivated rice and its wild relatives by RELP. Rice Genet Newsl， 1992, 1: 132134.
\[11\]Zhang Q F, Maroof M A S, Lu T Y , et al. Genetic diversity and differentiation of indica and japonica rice detected by RFLP analysis. Theor Appl Genet, 1992, 83: 495499.
\[12\]Zietkiewicz B, Rafalski A, Labuda D. Genome fingerprint by simple sequence repeat (SSR) anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics, 1994, 20: 176183.
\[13\]Chakravarthi B K, Naravaneni R. SSR marker based DNA fingerprinting and diversity study in rice (Oryza sativa L). Afrian Biotechnol Vol, 2006, 5(9)：684688.
\[14\]Zhao X P, Kochert G. Characterization and genetic mapping of a short, highly repeated, interspersed DNA sequence from rice (Oryza sativa L). Theor Appl Genet, 1992, 231: 353359.
\[15\]Temnykh S, DeClerck G, Lukashova A, et al. Computational and experimental analysis of microsatellites in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Frequency, length variation, transposon associations, and genetic marker potential. Genome Res, 2001, 11: 14411452.
\[16\]Davierwala A P, Chowdari K V, Kumar S, et al. Use of three different marker systems to estimate genetic diversity of Indian elite rice varieties. Genetica, 2000, 108: 269284.
\[17\]Zhou H F, Xie Z W, Ge S. Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff) in China. Theor Appl Genet, 2003, 107: 332339.
\[18\] Olufowote J O, Xu Y B, Chen X L, et al. Comparative evaluation of withincultivar variation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using microsatellite and RFLP markers. Genome, 1997, 40: 370378.
\[19\]Garland S H, Lewin L, Abedinia M, et al. The use of microsatellite polymorphisms for the identification of Australian breeding lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Euphytica, 1999, 108: 5363.
\[20\]Zheng K L, Subudi P K, Domingo J, et al. Rapid DNA isolation for marker assisted selection in rice breeding. Rice Genet Newsl, 1995, 12: 255258.
\[21\] 周汇, Glasamann J C, 程侃声, 等. 栽培稻分类方法的比较. 中国水稻科学, 1988, 2(1)： 17.
\[22\]Buso G S C, Rangel P H, Ferreira M E. Analysis of genetic variability of South American wild rice populations (Oryza glumaepatula) with isozymes and RAPD markers. Mol Ecol, 1998, 7: 107117.
\[23\]余汉勇, 魏兴华, 王一平, 等. 应用形态、等位酶和SSR标记研究水稻矮仔占衍生品种的遗传差异. 中国水稻科学, 2004, 18(6)： 477482.
\[24\]武耀廷, 张天真, 殷剑美. 利用分子标记和形态学性状检测的陆地棉栽培品种的遗传多样性. 遗传学报, 2001, 28(11)：10401050.
\[25\]马琳, 余显权, 赵福胜. 贵州禾 的SSR遗传多样性分析. 中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(3)： 237243.
\[26\]张尧忠, 徐宁. 酯酶酶带籼粳分类法及稻种分类体系的讨论. 西南农业学报, 1998, 11(3)： 8893.
