The relationships between spikelet fertility and agronomic traits or physiological characteristics related to drought resistance were analyzed with 27 nearisogenic lines and their recurrent parent Zhenfu 802 (Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica) as materials under 15 d drought stress since flowering of main culm. The results presented that drought stress at the flowering stage not only decreased the plant height, leaf area and plant dry weight, but also significantly decreased the seedsetting rate. Drought resistance of the tested nearisogenic lines has no relationship with the seedsetting rate under wellwatered conditions. According to the drought stress index (DSI), the recurrent parent Zhefu 802 was classed as drought sensitive variety, and the 27 nearisogenic lines could be divided into drought resistant lines (DSI<0.30), semidrought resistant lines (0.31<DSI<0.50), semidrought sensitive lines (0.50<DSI<0.80) and drought sensitive lines (DSI>0.80). Furthermore, the nearisogenic lines with classic drought resistant morphological traits, such as curl and droopy leaves, failed to show higher drought resistance, whereas those with yellowish green leaf or golden hull showed higher drought resistance.
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