To investigate the responses of rice quality of upland rice and paddy rice to phosphorous (P) fertilizer and the interaction between cultivation methods and P levels, a japonica upland rice Zhonghan 3 and a japonica paddy rice Yangfujing 8 were grown under both moist cultivation (MC, contro1) and bare drycultivation (DC) with three P levels, low amount of P (LP, 45 kg/hm2 ), normal amount of P (NP, 90 kg/hm2 ), and high amount of P (HP, 135 kg/hm2 ). With the increase of P levels, grain yields of both upland and paddy rice were increased under DC. There was no significant difference in grain yield between HP and NP for the upland and paddy rice, though upland rice had a little increase and paddy rice had a little decrease in yield. Under DC and at LP, Zhonghan 3 showed higher head milled rice rate, better appearance quality and cooking and eating quality than at HP or NP. Yangfujing 8 was similar with Zhonghan 3 except that the former showed better appearance quality at NP. Under MC, Zhonghan 3 showed higher head milled rice rate at LP and better cooking and eating quality at NP. Yangfujing 8 was similar with Zhonghan 3 except that the appearance quality was different. DC could improve head milled rice rate and appearance quality for both upland and paddy rice, as well as cooking quality and nutrient quality for paddy rice. Compared with paddy rice, upland rice showed better processing quality, nutrient quality and eating quality. The results suggest that the response to cultivation methods and phosphorus levels varies largely between upland rice and paddy rice.
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