Heading dates of 20 late season japonica rice cultivars native to the Taihu Lake region of China were investigated, and their basic vegetative growth (BVG), photoperiodsensitivity (PS) and temperaturesensitivity (TS) were analyzed under artificial shortday and natural longday conditions in Nanjing, as well as artificial high temperature and natural low temperature conditions in winter in Hainan. The results showed that all the cultivars had strong PS, and most of the cultivars had strong TS and short BVG. Regression analysis showed a significant correlation between heading date and PS, indicating PS was the main factor affecting heading date of late season japonica rice cultivars from the Taihu Lake region. Genetic analyses were conducted by using a set of heading date near isogenic lines as tester lines. All these japonica cultivars carried the dominant photoperiod sensitivity allele E1 and the dominant earlyheading gene Ef1. At the E2 and E3 loci, most of the late season japonica cultivars carried the photoperiod insensitivity alleles e2 and e3, but some carried the photoperiod sensitivity alleles E2 and E3 or E3t. At the Se1 locus, these late season japonica cultivars mainly carried recessive photoperiod insensitivity gene Se1e, others carried Se1n. In addition, some of the late season japonica cultivars carried the recessive allele hd2, inhibiting the expressions of E1 and Se-1.
[1]Kinoshita T. Report of committee on gene symbolization, nomenclature and linkage groups. Rice Genet Newsl, 1995, 12: 25-125.
[2]Maheswaran M, Mackill D J, Huang N, et al. Identification of RAPD markers linked to Se-3(t), a gene enhancing the level of photoperiod sensitivity in rice. Rice Genet Newsl, 1995, 12: 219-221.
[3]Ohshima I, Watanabe Y, Asahic C. Genetic analysis of heading time in cross between two indica varieties with two inhibitor genes for photoperiod sensitivity. Jpn J Breed, 1993, 43: 101-106.
[4]Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T, Yamagata H. Heading-time genes of the rice varieties grown in the Tohoku-Hokuriku region in Japan. Jpn J Breed, 1992, 42: 121-135.
[5]Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T. Trisomic analysis of a strong photoperiod-sensitivity gene E1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Euphytica, 1997, 95: 301-307.
[6]Yokoo M, Okuno K. Genetic analysis of earliness mutations induced in the rice cultivar Norin 8. Jpn J Breed, 1993, 43: 1-11.
[7]Shen B, Qian H R, Wang J L. Tagging genes for heading date in rice via linkage to RFLP markers. Acta Agron Sin,1994, 20(1): 1-7.
[8]Ichitani K, Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T. Photoperiod sensitivity gene of Se-1 locus found in photoperiod insensitive rice cultivars of the northern limit region of rice cultivation. Breed Sci, 1997, 47: 145-152.
[9]Okumoto Y, Ichitani K, Inoue H. Photoperiod insensitivity gene essential to the varieties grown in the northern limit region of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation. Euphytica, 1996, 92: 63-66.
[10]Yamagata H, Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T. Analysis of genes controlling heading time in Japanese rice//Rice Genetics. Manila, Philippines: IRRI, 1986: 351-359.
[11]李和标, 邹江石. 水稻籼粳亚种间F1生育期超亲表现与遗传分析. 江苏农业学报, 1992, 8(1): 7-12.
[12]Ohshima I, Kikuchi F. Identification of a recessive inhibitor for photoperiod-sensitive gene, Se-1, in photoperiod-insensitive varieties of indica type rice. Proceeding of 7th International Congress SAERAO, 1994: 93-100.
[13]Tsai K H. Gene loci and alleles controlling the duration of basic vegetative growth of rice//Rice Genetics. Manila, Philippines: IRRI, 1986: 339-349.
[14]Inoue I, Nishida H, Okumoto Y, et al. Identification of an early heading time gene found in the Taiwanese rice cultivar Taichung 65. Breed Sci, 1998, 48: 103-108.
[15]Ichitani K, Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T. Genetic analyses of low photoperiod sensitivity of rice cultivars from the northern most regions of Japan. Plant Breed, 1998, 117: 543-547.
[16] Wei X J, Jiang L, Xu J F, et al. Genetic analyses of heading date of japonica rice cultivars from Northeast China. Field Crops Res, 2008, 107: 147-154.
[17]魏祥进, 江玲, 徐俊锋, 等. 我国华北地区粳稻品种抽穗期遗传分析. 中国水稻科学, 2009, 23(6): 595-603.
[18]Wei X J, Jiang L, Xu J F, et al. Genetic analyses of heading date of japonica rice cultivars in the lower region of the Yangtze River valley. J Integr Plant Biol, 2009, 51(10): 922-932.
[19]Xu J F, Jiang L, Wei X J. Genotypes of heading date of middle indica rice in the mid-lower region of the Yangtze River. J Integr Plant Biol, 2007, 49(12): 1772-1781.
[20]徐俊锋, 魏祥进, 江玲, 等. 我国部分早籼品种及杂交早籼骨干亲本抽穗期遗传分析. 中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(3): 215-222.
[21]Ichitani K, Okumoto Y, Tanisaka T. Genetic analysis of the rice cultivar Kasalath with special reference to two photoperiod sensitivity loci E1 and Se-1. Breeding Sci， 1998, 48: 51-57.
[22] Lin H X, Yamamoto T, Sasaki T, et al. Characterization and detection of epistatic interaction three QTLs, Hd-1， Hd-2 and Hd-3, controlling heading date of rice using nearly isogenic lines. Theor Appl Genet, 2000, 101: 1021-1028.
[23]Yamamoto T, Kuboki Y, Lin S Y. Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci Hd-1， Hd-2 and Hd-3， controlling heading date of rice, as single Mendellian factors. Theor Appl Genet， 1998, 97: 37-44.
[24]Nishida H, Okumoto Y, Nakagawa H, et al. Analysis of tester lines for rice (Oryza sativa L.) heading-time genes using reciprocal photoperiodic transfer treatments. Ann Bot, 2001, 88: 527-536.
[25]Okumoto Y, Yoshimura A, Tanisaka T, et al. Analysis of a rice variety Taichung 65 and its isogenic early-heading lines for late-heading genes E1， E2 and E3.Jpn J Breed， 1992, 42: 415-429.
[26] Yokoo M, Kikuchi F. Multiple allelism of the locus controlling heading time of rice, detected using the close linkage with the blast-resistance. Jpn J Breed， 1977, 27: 123-130.
[27]Yano M, Katayose Y, Ashikari M, et al. Hd1， a major photoperiod sensitivity quantitative trait locus in rice, is closely related to the Arabidopsis flowering line gene CONSTANS. Plant Cell， 2000, 12: 2473-2483.
[28]Yano M, Harushima Y, Nagamura Y, et al. Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling heading date in rice using a high-density linkage map. Theor Appl Genet， 1997, 95: 1025-1032.
[29]罗林广, 徐俊锋, 翟虎渠, 等. 水稻雄性不育恢复系明恢63的感光基因分析. 遗传学报, 2003, 30(9): 804-810.
[30]Chang T T, Vergara B S. Component analysis of duration from seeding to heading in rice by the basic vegetative phase and the photoperiod-sensitive phase. Euphytica， 1969, 18: 79-91.
[31]张旭. 水稻光温生态与品种选育利用. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 24-45.
