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28 May 1987, Volume 1 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
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Relationship Between Physiological Heterosis of Root and Shoot System of Hybrid Rice Shan-You 6 Lu Dingzhi 1987, 1(2): 81-94 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (810KB) ( )   Hybrid rice Shan-You 6 when grown as second crop followed the first rice crop showed superiority over its parental three lines and the conventional rice cultivars in root growth rate,nitrogen uptake and capacity to synthesize amino acids and root activity. Growth vigor of root system occurred at seed germination.α-amylase in the endosperm of the dry seed is the important physiological basis of high diastase activity at early germination,resulting in seedling growth vigor. The hybrid displayed its nitrogen uptake vigor in term of nitrogen uptake rate per plant.Nutrient uptake and dry matter production are closely related. The 31 kinds of free amino acids were separated from the bleeding sap of the hybrid rice,but the kinds and concentration of free amino acids were restricted by nutrition condition of shoot system. The root activity during the mid and late growth stages would be depressed due to nitrogen deficiency and poor aeration.Adequate nitrogen supply and improved aeration by irrionclick="SelectDisplayDiv('EnDivSummaryMoreSummary','EnDivSummaryMore');DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummaryHuanYuan')">...更多gation management were effective to keep the root activity from antimely decline,thus protecting the leaves from pre-mature senescence.Moreover,the early diagnostic indices of heterosis and the indices in forecasting the rice yield are discussed.

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Studies on Eliminating Panicle Enclosure in WAType MS Line of Rice(Oryza sativa subsp. indica) Shen Zongtan,Yang Changdeng,He Zuhua 1987, 1(2): 95-99 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (371KB) ( )   Panicle enclosed within the sheath of the flagleaf(i.e. panicle enclosure)in wild abortive(WA)-type male sterile(MS)line of indica rice is one of the major factors affecting hybrid seed production and MS line multiplication. The study indicated that the interaction between the eui gene of elongated uppermost internode stock and WA-type MS cytoplasm could eliminate the enclosure of the panicle in Zhen-Shan 97A,and the panicle neck would exsert to +0.71 cm and length of uppermost internode elongated to 28.4 cm. wWhile panicle neck exsertions of parents Zhen-Shan 97A and B were -9.56 and +1.1 cm, and their uppermost internode lenghts were 15.6 and 24.0 cm respectively. It is possible to introduce eui gene into WA-type MS line by breeding so as to eliminate panicle enclosure. Zhen-Shan 97B with eui gene is taller than Zhen-Shan 97A with the same gene. The breeding program is progressing successfully.

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Milyang 46,A New Promising Restorer Ye Fuchu 1987, 1(2): 100-100 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (54KB) ( )

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Genetic Analysis of Spikelet Density on Rice Xiong Zhenmin,Zhu Xudong,Kong Fanlin,Wang Guoliang 1987, 1(2): 101-106 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (429KB) ( )   Spikelet density is an important trait related with panicle number,spikelet number and grain weight.Its genetical behaviour expressed as follows:At F1 generation,the spikelet density was higher than the average density of the parents;F2 generation gave a population distribution of spikelet density as normal curve. In our'opinion,this phenomenon belonged to quantitative inheritance and was controlled by multiple genes.Through this experiment,we have identified that spikelet density is correlated with plant height,flag-leaf length,flag-leaf width,panicle length,grain number per panicle,sterility and yielding capacity of the individual plant.We think that this should be noticed by rice breeders.

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Isolation and Purification of mRNA and in vitro Translation for Rice(O.sativa) Huang Danian 1987, 1(2): 107-110 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (295KB) ( )   The mRNA is a tool transferred genetic information for DNA and can be copied by reverse transcriptase to form a cDNA which can be used as a probe for molecular hybridization to isolate specific genes.At present selected young seedling of rice at 10 days to extract total mRNA.From 52.6mg fresh tissues got6.5mg total RNA.According toA260/A280=1.69,it indicated that a little amount protein was contained in RNA extracted.Applied poly(U)-sepharose column,88μg total mRNA was got from total RNA.The in vitro products for rabbit reticulocyte lysate translation system showed that isolated mRNA possessed biological function.

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The Effect of Cultivation Techniques on Plant Type in View of the High Yield Result Induced by TFS Cultivation Method in Paddy Rice Jiang Pengyan,Feng Laiding,Yao Changxi 1987, 1(2): 111-117 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (492KB) ( )   Basing on the data of plant types in our studies on“TFS”cultivation method, it was evealed that the fine cultivation technique played a great role on the building up of ideal plant type”in rice, and“TFSr”cultivation method unlike common cultivation tech- iques greatly reformed the four major cultivation joints of rice, namely raising of rice seedling, planting closely, spreading of fertilizer and irrigating,hence a few morphological features of rice(plant type)were effectively improved and the later were closely related to the photosynthetic efficiency in rice population. The analysis of the effect of “TFS”cultivation method on the plant type proved that through the improvement of cultivation technique, the following contents of the plant type may be advanced:the plant height and its distribution into each internode of rice,the angles between main stems and its tillers,the angles between stems and leaves, the thickness and life-span of green leaves in the formation duration of yield, the relationship between the extinction coefficient and the stereo distribution of stems and leaves in plant population.

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Factors of Attenuation of Virulence in Xanthomonas campestris pv.oryzae on Artificial Media (in English) Xie Guanlin,Mew T W 1987, 1(2): 118-126 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (322KB) ( )   Several factors affected attenuation of virulence and colony variation on artificial media. The results showed that nutritional factor was more important than storage of the culture in attenuation of virulence. NA and PSA medium supported least loss of virulence among 6 media. Shorter interval period and more frequent subculture on artificial media also affected attenuation of virulence The sensitivity to lower concentration of oxygen may vary with strains. It also suggest that lyophilization and keeping in deeper freezer be the appropriate methods for storage of this bacterium to have least attenuation of virulence. The experimental data revealed that there was no correlation between production of slime polysaccharide and virulence.

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Time Series Analysis on Long Term Prediction of Tryporyza incertulas Population Dynamics Chen Zheng,Ye Zhengxiang,Ye Dudong,Tu Numin 1987, 1(2): 127-132 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (321KB) ( )   This paper dealt with the time series analysis for the long term prediction of population dynamics of Tryporyza incertulas(Walker).By the methods of stepwise regressive periodic analysis and stationary stochastes sequence,the following model is used: Y(t)～P(t)+S(t) Here,Y(t)is predicted value of population dynamics,P(t)is periodic term and S(t)is random term.The.better results have been obtained in forecasting practices.

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The Performance of Some Panicle Characters of Rice under Low Temperature on the Highlands in Guinea Zhou Aonan 1987, 1(2): 133-133 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (88KB) ( )

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A Preliminary Report on Courtship Signals of Planthoppers and Leafhopper Which Attack the Rice Plant Zhang Zhitao,Chen Lunyu 1987, 1(2): 134-135 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (155KB) ( )