Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence Characteristics and Response of Panicum bisulcatum to Pre- and Post-emergence Herbicides in Paddy Field
Received date: 2022-07-11
Revised date: 2022-10-13
Online published: 2023-05-16
【Objective】Panicum bisulcatum is an annual grass weed widely distributed in China and is becoming increasingly problematic in paddy fields in some regions. This research aims to investigate the seed germination and seedling emergence characteristics and screen effective herbicides for control of this weed.【Methods】Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of temperature, light, osmotic and salt stress, seed burial depth, flooding depth on seed germination and seedling emergence of P. bisulcatum and evaluate the response of this weed to commonly available pre- and post-emergence herbicides in rice.【Results】1) In the light/dark regime, the germination rate was greater than 95% under a wide temperature range of 20℃/10℃(day/night) to 35℃/25℃ and significantly higher in alternate light/dark conditions as compared with that in continuous dark. The osmotic potential required for 50% inhibition of maximum germination was -0.35 MPa. P. bisulcatum is moderately tolerant to salt stress with germination rates greater than 50% at NaCl concentrations ranging from 0 to 250 mmol/L. 2) Seedling emergence only occurred at seed burial depths of 0 and 0.5 cm, with 78% and 18% emergence rates, respectively. Seeds can germinate and seedlings grow out of water at flooding depth of 2cm, and no germinated seeds reached water surface at flooding depth over 2cm. 3) Application of pre-emergence herbicides pretilachlor, butachlor, oxadiazon, oxadiargyl and pyraclonil provided 100% control effectiveness of P. bisulcatum at their recommended field rates. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl, penoxsulam, bispyribac-sodium, cyhalofop-butyl, metamifop and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl provided greater than 95% control of P. bisulcatum at the 2- to 4-leaf stages, however, only metamifop and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl provided greater than 90% control of P. bisulcatum at the 6-leaf stage.【Conclusion】 The results contribute to an insight into the germination and emergence of P. bisulcatum, and illustrate the role of seed burial by tillage, flooding, and herbicide screening according to its leaf-age as effective measures for the control of P. bisulcatum in paddy fields.
Key words： Panicum bisulcatum; seed germination; seedling emergence; herbicide screening; rice
ZHENG Chengmei, SUN Jinqiu, LIU Mengjie, YANG Yongjie, LU Yongliang, GUO Yiqing, TANG Wei . Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence Characteristics and Response of Panicum bisulcatum to Pre- and Post-emergence Herbicides in Paddy Field[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2023 , 37(3) : 321 -328 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2023.220706
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