Abstract: Six japonica rice varieties with different chalkiness rate in rice grains were crossed by Griffing’s diallel method Ⅳ to investigate their combining ability in F₁ and F₂ generations. The results showed that GCA and SCA variations of chalkiness ratio in rice grains were significant at 0.01 level, which suggested that the chalkiness rate of rice grains was controlled by gene additive effect as well as non additive effect. The ratio of GCA MS/SCA MS was also significant in F₁ and F₂ generations and increased as the generation advanced. It is suggested that the additive effect was principal. The additive variation of the total variation was chief in F₁ and F₂ generations. The relationship of the combining ability effect between the two generations was significant and there was difference between the chalkiness rate of rice grains of parents and the general combining ability. The GCA could be approximately estimated from the mean value of parents.

Key words: japonica rice, chalkiness rate, combining ability, genetics

摘要： 选用稻米垩白率不同的6个粳稻品种，采用Griffing双列杂交方法四，对杂种F1及F2的稻米垩白率进行了配合力分析。结果表明， 稻米垩白率的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差在F1及F2代均极显著，表明在本试验中基因加性效应和非加性效应均起重要作用。但由于GCA MS/SCA MS值在F1代和F2代均极显著，而且F2代又比F1 代大，因此，稻米垩白率在杂种后代的表现主要还是由基因加性效应决定，并且随着世代的增加，加性基因的作用越显重要。在总的遗传变异中F1代和F2代主要以加性变异为主，并且随着世代的推进而非加性变异变小。稻米垩白率的一般配合力效应在F1和F2代的表现极为一致，F1和F2代间的秩次相关极显著。亲本稻米垩白率的高低与亲本一般配合力效应间有着密切的关系，各世代两者间的相关均极显著。因此,根据亲本稻米垩白率的高低可以估计其亲本一般配合力效应的高低。但稻米垩白率较低的亲本间两者的表现并不一致。

关键词: 粳稻, 稻米垩白率, 配合力