Abstract: Zhong 413 was a wide compatible restorer line selected from 50465. Using Zhong 413 as female parent crossed with indica testers IR36, Nanjing 11 and japonica testers Akihikari, Balilla, the spikelet fertilities of F₁ hybrid were 75.5%, 80. 8% and 71.4%, 53.2% respectively. Meanwhile Zhong 413 had strong restoring ability to various CMS lines such as Zhenshan 97A, Xieqingzao A, D-shan A and Maxie A, and the obvious heterosis of these hybrids was shown in rapid growth, large leaf area index, bigger panicles. higher dry matter production, resistance to lodging, as well as over yielding significantly than the recent commercial hybrid rice Shanyou 63 and Shanyou 10 in different regions and seasons. Zhong 413's hybrid combinations not only had superior heterosis but also could overcome the problems such as the lower F₁ fertility, insufficiently filled grain, excessive plant height and long growth duration which happened usually in inter-subspecies hybrid rice.

Key words: inter-subspecies hybrid, heterosis, restoration ability

摘要： 中413是从50465中经系统选育而成的广亲和恢复系。与籼型测验种IR36，南京11测交，F₁结实率分别为75.5%和80.0%；与粳型测验种秋光，Balilla测交，结实率分别为71.4%和53.2%。对野败，矮败，Dissi，马尾粘等胞质不育系均具有较强的恢复能力。以中413为广亲恢系而配制的系列组合均有较强的杂种优势，在不同地区，不同季节种植均比对照汕优63和汕优10号增产或极显著增产。作单季种植，亩产可达700 kg以上；作双晚栽培，亩产可达600 kg左右。表现为秧苗素质号，生长势旺，耐肥抗倒，穗大，叶面积系数大，物质生产力高，穗多，库源关系协调。中413系列组合不仅表现较强的杂种优势，而且较好地克服了籼粳亚种间优势利用种F1结实率偏低，籽粒不饱满，植株偏高和生育期偏长等障碍。

关键词: 广亲和性, 杂种优势, 水稻, 三系配套, 亚种间杂交稻