Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Yield Formation Characteristics of Ratooning Hybrid Rice Under Simplified Cultivation Practices in Winter Paddy Fields
Received date: 2023-12-07
Revised date: 2024-02-26
Online published: 2024-09-10
【Objective】Simplified cultivation practices in rice production have attracted significant attention due to their social, economic, and environmental benefits. This study aimed to investigate the impact of simplified cultivation practices on yield formation characteristics of hybrid rice in both the main crop season and ratoon season within a rice-ratoon rice system. The goal was to lay a theoretical foundation for simplified rice cultivation in such a system.【Method】Field experiments were conducted in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, in 2021 and 2022, involving eight rice varieties, including seven hybrid rice varieties (Yiliangyou 94, Deyou 6699, Taiyou 1060, Rong 7 you 680, Le 3 you 2275, Deyou 727, Jinfengyou 727) and one high-yield inbred rice variety, Jinnongsimiao (JNSM). Each year, the eight rice varieties were cultivated using two methods: NTDS (no-tillage direct seeding) and NTST (no-tillage and seedling throwing). Various parameters such as grain yield, yield components, biomass production, and harvest index were measured for each rice variety in both years.【Result】The results indicated that the main season yield, ratoon season yield, and annual grain yields were significantly influenced by the cultivation method and rice variety. Main season yield, ratoon season yield, and annual grain yields under NTDS were 3.52%－7.37%, 18.94%－47.37%, and 7.04%－14.93% higher than those under NTST, respectively. The higher yields under NTDS were attributed to factors such as increased panicle number, grain filling, biomass production, and harvest index. Among the eight rice varieties, Taiyou 1060 and Jinfengyou 727 exhibited high grain yields in the main season, with Taiyou1060 achieving the highest ratoon season yield and annual grain yields. On average over the two years, high-yielding hybrid rice varieties (Taiyou 1060, Deyou 6699, Deyou 727, Jinfengyou 727) reached main season yields of 8.80 t/hm2, ratoon season yields of 2.53 t/hm2, and annual grain yields of 11.33 t/hm2, representing increases of 13.54%, 6.03%, and 11.76% compared to medium and low-yielding hybrid rice varieties (Yiliangyou 94, Rong 7 you 680, Le 3 you 227). High-yielding hybrid rice also outperformed the high-yield inbred rice (Jinnongsimiao) by 9.97%, 21.87%, and 12.41% in main season yield, ratoon season yield, and annual grain yield, respectively. Medium and low-yielding hybrid rice varieties had slightly lower main season yields but higher ratoon season yields and annual grain yields compared to high-yield inbred rice.In terms of yield components, high-yielding hybrid rice varieties exhibited higher panicle numbers and grain weights in both main and ratoon seasons compared to high-yield inbred rice. Regarding dry matter production, high-yielding hybrid rice showed higher dry matter production and harvest index at maturity compared to high-yield inbred rice, with differences of 3.82% and 5.45% for the main season and 11.16% and 5.70% for the ratoon season, respectively. The lower biomass production at maturity in medium and low-yielding hybrid rice varieties contributed to their lower main season yields compared to high-yielding inbred rice.【Conclusion】The study highlighted the superiority of rice yields under NTDS compared to NTST in a rice-ratoon rice system, which can be attributed to the effective coordination of source and sink size in NTDS. To achieve high rice yields in simplified cultivation techniques for rice-ratoon rice systems in winter paddy fields in Sichuan Province, breeding rice varieties with strong tillering ability and high grain weight through breeding programs may be a viable approach.
Key words： ratoon rice; hybrid rice; inbred rice; no-tillage direct seeding; grain yield
JIANG Peng, ZHANG Lin, ZHOU Xingbing, GUO Xiaoyi, ZHU Yongchuan, LIU Mao, GUO Chanchun, XIONG Hong, XU Fuxian . Yield Formation Characteristics of Ratooning Hybrid Rice Under Simplified Cultivation Practices in Winter Paddy Fields[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2024 , 38(5) : 544 -554 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2024.231205
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