Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Effects of Variety and Seeding Rate Interaction on Nutrient Competition Between Mechanized Dry Direct Seeded Rice and Weeds
Received date: 2023-08-08
Revised date: 2023-09-20
Online published: 2024-03-14
【Objective】To clarify the effect of mechanical dry direct seeded rice varieties and sowing rates on weed growth inhibition, laying a theoretical basis for achieving high-quality, high-yield, green, and efficient cultivation techniques in mechanical direct seeded rice.【Method】Using the three-line hybrid rice Chuankangyou 6308 (C1) and the two-line hybrid rice Jingliangyou 534 (C2) as test materials, three sowing rates of 15 kg/hm2 (S1), 22.5 kg/hm2 (S2), and 37.5 kg/hm2 (S3) were set to study their effects on dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation, and transport of the main weeds in the rice field during the critical growth period. The study also explored the relationship between rice and weed nutrient competition under the interaction of varieties and sowing rates.【Results】1) At 29 days after direct seeding, the density of weeds in the paddy fields increased significantly by 39.29% to 47.16% compared with that of rice, with the dry weight ratio and nutrient accumulation ratio of weed to rice population being higher than 1∶1, necessitating weed control. 2) Before weeding, weed density of variety C1 significantly decreased by 91.34% to 96.54% compared to C2, with dry matter accumulation of rice increasing by 19.21% to 30.24%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium accumulation increasing by 7.17% to 34.59%. For the same variety, increasing the sowing rate significantly reduced weed amount by 21.95－109.69%, increasing rice dry matter accumulation by 39.78－94.52%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium accumulation by 10.11－50.79% compared to S1 treatment. 3) After weeding and 43 days of direct seeding, weed number significantly decreased. The dry matter accumulation of C1 increased by 54.12% to 66.97% compared to C2, with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients increasing by 15.56% to 47.45%. For the same variety, S2 and S3 treatments significantly increased rice density by 14.94－32.34%, dry matter accumulation by 24.45－85.07%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients by 21.62－98.34% compared to S1 treatments. However, with the increase of sowing amount, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient transport amount and rate during the filling period, as well as rice yield, showed an increasing-decreasing trend, with S2 treatment being the highest.【Conclusions】Based on comprehensive inhibition of weed growth and rice yield characteristics, this experiment selected Chuankangyou 6308 for mechanical dry direct seeding with a seeding rate of 22.5 kg/hm2. Considering the higher total density of weeds in the rice field compared to rice, and the 1∶1 dry weight and nutrient ratio of weeds to rice population, optimal weeding timing can be achieved. This leverages the advantages of the interaction between rice varieties and seeding rates to control weed growth, reduce herbicide use, and improve yield.
Key words： machanized direct seeding; rice; variety; seeding rate; weed competition; nutrients
YANG Yonggang, YUAN Xiaojuan, CAO Yun, CHEN Xuefang, YIN Huilai, WANG Zhiqiang, WEN Yanfang, YANG Zhiyuan, SUN Yuanyuan, JIA Xianwen, MA Jun, SUN Yongjian . Effects of Variety and Seeding Rate Interaction on Nutrient Competition Between Mechanized Dry Direct Seeded Rice and Weeds[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2024 , 38(2) : 185 -197 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2024.230803
| [1] | 于居龙, 张国, 朱阿秀, 张新凤, 王红春, 赵来成, 张建华, 姚克兵, 娄远来, 束兆林. 江苏丘陵地区旱直播水稻田杂草化除技术[J]. 杂草学报, 2022, 40(1): 34-41. |
| [1] | Yu J L, Zhang G, Zhu A X, Zhang X F, Wang H C, Zhao L C, Zhang J H, Yao K B, Lou Y L, Shu Z L. Weed control technology in dry direct seeding rice fields in hilly areas of Jiangsu Province[J]. Acta Weedica Sinica, 2022, 40 (1): 34-41. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [2] | 孔祥男, 张一, 丁伟. 3种除草剂对水稻旱直播阔叶杂草防效及安全性研究[J]. 植物保护, 2021, 47(5): 302-309. |
| [2] | Kong X N, Zhang Y, Ding W. Study on the control effect and safety of three herbicides on dry direct seeding broad-leaved weeds in rice[J]. Plant Protection, 2021, 47 (5): 302-309. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [3] | 李绍平, 邢志鹏, 田晋钰, 程爽, 胡群, 胡雅杰, 郭保卫, 魏海燕, 张洪程. 机械旱直播方式对水稻产量和光合物质生产特征的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(7): 1-9. |
| [3] | Li S P, Xing Z P, Tian J Y, Cheng S, Hu Q, Hu Y J, Guo B W, Wei H Y, Zhang H C. The effect of mechanical dry direct seeding on rice yield and photosynthetic material production characteristics[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2022, 38(7): 1-9. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [4] | 罗锡文, 王在满, 曾山, 臧英, 杨文武, 张明华. 水稻机械化直播技术研究进展[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2019, 40(5): 1-13. |
| [4] | Luo X W, Wang Z M, Zeng S, Zang Y, Yang W Y, Zhang M H. Research progress in mechanized direct seeding technology for rice[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2019, 40(5): 1-13. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [5] | 陈雪飞, 唐艳萍, 谢英杰, 李尚, 楚建波, 敖方源, 彭维钦, 李海山, 万玉华. 我国机械化直播水稻生产技术研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2018, 24(4): 9-15. |
| [5] | Chen X F, Tang Y P, Xie Y J, Li S, Chu J B, Ao F Y, Peng W Q, Li H S, Wan Y H. Research progress on mechanized direct seeding rice production technology in China[J]. China Rice, 2018, 24(4): 9-15. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [6] | 孙永健, 郑洪帧, 徐徽, 杨志远, 贾现文, 程洪彪, 马均. 机械旱直播方式促进水稻生长发育提高产量[J]. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(20): 10-18. |
| [6] | Sun Y J, Zheng H J, Xu H, Yang Z Y, Jia X W, Cheng H B, Ma J. The mechanical dry direct seeding method promotes the growth and development of rice and increases yield[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014, 30(20): 10-18. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [7] | 周燕芝, 陈丽明, 王文霞, 李祖军, 曾勇军, 谭雪明, 胡水秀, 石庆华, 潘晓华, 曾研华. 不同直播方式与杂草防除时期对稻田杂草发生及早籼稻产量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(5): 132-140. |
| [7] | Zhou Y Z, Chen L M, Wang W X, Li Z J, Zeng Y J, Tan X M, Hu S X, Shi Q H, Pan X H, Zeng Y H. The effects of different direct seeding methods and weed control periods on weed occurrence and early indica rice yield in rice fields[J]. Acta Prataculturage Sinica, 2020, 29 (5): 132-140. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [8] | 吴爱民. 直播稻田杂草综合防除策略及除草剂安全性评析[J]. 杂草科学, 2006(2): 1-3. |
| [8] | Wu A M Comprehensive weed control strategies and safety evaluation of herbicides in direct seeding rice fields[J]. Weed Science, 2006(2): 1-3. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [9] | 赵海英, 卢兆成, 乔利, 杨黎明. 5种除草剂防除旱直播稻田杂草比较试验[J]. 杂草科学, 2012, 30(1): 48-50. |
| [9] | Zhao H Y, Lu Z C, Qiao L, Yang L M. Comparative experiment on 5 herbicides for controlling weeds in dry direct seeding rice fields[J]. Weed Science, 2012, 30(1): 48-50. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [10] | 刘建凤, 吉春明, 陆玉荣, 郭勋斌. 不同药剂对旱直播稻田茎叶杂草的防效[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2014(21): 41-43. |
| [10] | Liu J F, Ji C M, Lu Y R, Guo X B. The control effect of different pesticides on stem and leaf weeds in dry direct seeding rice fields[J]. Hunan Agricultural Science, 2014(21): 41-43. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [11] | 邓权权, 潘圣刚, 段美洋, 田华, 钟克友, 肖立中, 唐湘如. 除草剂对旱直播稻田杂草防效和水稻幼苗的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(1): 131-135. |
| [11] | Deng Q Q, Pan S G, Duan M Y, Tian H, Zhong K Y, Xiao L Z, Tang X R. The effect of herbicides on weed control and rice seedlings in dry direct seeding rice fields[J]. Southwest Agricultural Journal, 2015, 28(1): 131-135. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [12] | Sanjoy S, Sushmita M, Sudhanshu S, Virender K, Kumar J H. Crop establishment and weed control options for sustaining dry direct seeded rice production in eastern India[J]. Agronomy, 2021, 11(2): 11020389. |
| [13] | 朱新云, 施慎年, 吴佳文. 水稻旱直播田47%氯吡·丙·异可湿性粉剂除草效果及安全性[J]. 杂草学报, 2016, 34(4): 39-42. |
| [13] | Zhu X Y, Shi S M, Wu J W. Herbicidal efficacy and safety of 47% chlorpyrifos propargyl isowettable powder in rice dry direct seeding fields[J]. Acta Weedica Sinica, 2016, 34(4): 39-42. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [14] | 沈浦, 高菊生, 徐明岗, 李冬初, 牛德奎, 秦道珠. 长期施用含硫和含氯化肥对稻田杂草生长动态的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(4): 992-998. |
| [14] | Shen P, Gao J S, Xu M G, Li D C, Niu D K, Qin D Z. The effect of long-term application of sulfur and chloride fertilizers on the growth dynamics of weeds in rice fields[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(4): 992-998. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [15] | 梁玉刚, 周晶, 余政军, 李静怡, 黄璜, 赵正洪. 稻鸭共育对直播水稻田间杂草群落组成及多样性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(2): 160-170. |
| [15] | Liang Y G, Zhou J, Yu Z J, Li J Y, Huang H, Zhao Z H. The effect of rice duck co cultivation on the composition and diversity of weed communities in direct seeding rice fields[J]. North China Agricultural Journal, 2022, 37(2): 160-170. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [16] | Chhokar R S, 禹盛苗. 不同耕作和种植方式对稻田杂草及水稻产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2016, 22(5): 48-52. |
| [16] | Chhokar R S, Yu S M. The effects of different tillage and planting methods on weeds and rice yield in rice fields[J]. China Rice, 2016, 22(5): 48-52. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [17] | 李阳, 林义月, 杨晓龙, 汪本福, 张枝盛, 张作林, 余振渊, 程建平. 水分管理和播种量对旱直播水稻产量形成的影响[J]. 节水灌溉, 2022(9): 87-92. |
| [17] | Li Y, Lin Y Y, Yang X L, Wang B F, Zhang Z S, Zhang Z L, Yu Z Y, Cheng J P. The effects of water management and sowing rate on the yield formation of dry direct seeding rice[J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2022(9): 87-92. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [18] | 施林林, 沈明星, 蒋敏, 陆长婴, 王海侯, 吴彤东, 周新伟, 沈新平. 长期不同施肥方式对稻麦轮作田杂草群落的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(2): 310-316. |
| [18] | Shi L L, Shen M X, Jiang M, Lu C Y, Wang H H, Wu T D, Zhou X W, Shen X P. The effect of long-term different fertilization methods on weed communities in rice wheat rotation fields[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46 (2): 310-316. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [19] | 董春华, 马朝红, 胡柯鑫, 何云龙, 李万民, 褚飞, 杨曾平. 化肥氮钾优化施用及紫云英、秸秆协同还田下的双季稻生产效益[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2020(9): 19-23. |
| [19] | Dong C H, Ma C H, Hu K X, He Y L, Li W M, Chu F, Yang Z P. Optimal application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and synergistic return of purple vetch and straw to the field for the production efficiency of double cropping rice[J]. Hunan Agricultural science, 2020(9): 19-23. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [20] | 王卫, 谢小立, 谢永宏, 陈惟财. 不同施肥制度对双季稻氮吸收、净光合速率及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(3): 752-757. |
| [20] | Wang W, Xie X L, Xie Y H, Chen W C. The effects of different fertilization systems on nitrogen absorption, net photosynthetic rate, and yield of double cropping rice[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(3): 752-757. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [21] | 李香菊. 近年我国农田杂草防控中的突出问题与治理对策[J]. 植物保护, 2018, 44(5): 77-84. |
| [21] | Li X J. Outstanding problems and management strategies in weed prevention and control in farmland in China in recent years[J]. Plant Protection, 2018, 44(5): 77-84. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [22] | 袁晓娟, 孙知白, 杨永刚, 林郸, 郭长春, 文艳芳, 郭兴新, 杨志远, 陈宗奎, 徐富贤, 马均, 孙永健. 3种复种模式下秸秆还田对机插杂交籼稻产量形成及品质的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2022, 40(3): 319-330. |
| [22] | Yuan X J, Sun Z B, Yang Y G, Lin D, Guo C C, Wen Y F, Guo X X, Yang Z Y, Chen Z K, Xu F X, Ma J, Sun Y J. The effect of straw returning to the field on yield formation and quality of machine inserted hybrid indica rice under three multiple cropping modes[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2022, 40(3): 319-330. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [23] | 林郸, 李郁, 孙永健, 谌洁, 吕腾飞, 孙知白, 吕旭, 刘芳艳, 郭长春, 孙园园, 杨志远, 马均. 不同轮作模式下秸秆还田与氮肥运筹对杂交籼稻产量及米质的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2020, 28(10): 1581-1590. |
| [23] | Lin D, Li Y, Sun Y J, Chen J, Lü T F, Sun Z B, Lü X, Liu F Y, Guo C C, Sun Y Y, Yang Z Y, Ma J. The effect of straw return and nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield and quality of hybrid indica rice under different rotation patterns[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecological Agriculture, 2020, 28(10): 1581-1590. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [24] | Guo C, Yuan X, Wen Y, Yang Y, Ma Y, Yan F, Li B, Wang Z, Xing M, Zhang R, Yang Z, Ma J, Sun Y. Common population characteristics of direct-seeded hybrid indica rice for high yield[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2023, 115(4): 1606-1621. |
| [25] | 李小艳, 孙宇, 贺建荣, 汪亚雄, 王红春, 娄远来. 水稻旱直播田全程草害化除技术[J]. 杂草科学, 2015, 33(4): 51-54. |
| [25] | Li X Y, Sun Y, He J R, Wang Y X, Wang H C, Lou Y L. The whole process grass pest control technology for dry direct seeding rice fields[J]. Weed Science, 2015, 33(4): 51-54. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [26] | 张勇, 王艳艳, 王梅, 周凤艳, 高同春. 不同除草剂对水稻水直播田杂草的防除效果及安全性评价[J]. 植物保护, 2016, 42(4): 230-235. |
| [26] | Zhang Y, Wang Y Y, Wang M, Zhou F Y, Gao T C. Evaluation of the control effect and safety of different herbicides on weeds in rice direct seeding fields[J]. Plant Protection, 2016, 42(4): 230-235. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [27] | Ahmed S, Alam M J, Hossain A, Islam A, Sabagh A E. Interactive effect of weeding regimes, rice cultivars, and seeding rates influence the rice-weed competition under dry direct-seeded condition[J]. Sustainability, 2021(13): 317. |
| [28] | 孙永健, 朱懿, 孙园园, 严奉君, 蒋明金, 杨志远, 许远明, 徐徽, 马均. 除草剂配施对机械旱直播稻田杂草控制及稻谷产量的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2018, 36(2): 131-137. |
| [28] | Sun Y J, Zhu Y, Sun Y Y, Yan F J, Jiang M J, Yang Z Y, Xu Y M, Xu H, Ma J. The effect of herbicide combination application on weed control and rice yield in mechanical dry direct seeding rice fields[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2018, 36(2): 131-137. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [29] | 董立尧, 沈晋良, 高同春, 周伯军, 张勇. 水直播稻田千金子的生态经济阈值及其防除临界期[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2003, 26(3): 5. |
| [29] | Dong L Y, Shen J L, Gao T C, Zhou B J, Zhang Y. Ecological and economic threshold and critical period for prevention and control of direct seeding rice field of Euphorbia paniculata[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2003, 26(3): 5. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [30] | Chauhan B S, Abugho S B. Effects of water regime, nitrogen fertilization, and rice plant density on growth and reproduction of lowland weed Echinochloa crus-galli[J]. Crop Protection, 2013, 54: 142-147. |
| [31] | Sun L, Hussain S, Liu H, Peng S, Huang J, Cui K, Nie L. Implications of low sowing rate for hybrid rice varieties under dry direct-seeded rice system in Central China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2015, 175: 87-95. |
| [32] | Ni H, Robles M. Analysis of competition between wet-seeded rice and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) using a response-surface model[J]. Weed Science, 2004, 52(1): 142-146. |
| [33] | Zhao D L, Atlin G N, Bastiaans L, Spiertz J. Developing selection protocols for weed competitiveness in aerobic rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2006, 97(2-3): 272-285. |
| [34] | 李木英, 陈志攀, 石庆华, 潘晓华, 谭雪明. 不同氮钾用量配比对直播稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2012, 34(6): 1071-1079. |
| [34] | Li M Y, Chen Z P, Shi Q H, Pan X H, Tan X M. The effect of different nitrogen and potassium dosage ratios on the yield and quality of direct seeding rice[J]. Journal of Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2012, 34(6): 1071-1079. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [35] | 孙永健, 郑洪帧, 杨志远, 王海月, 张绍文, 马均. 机械旱直播方式对水稻氮磷钾吸收转运及分配的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(3): 73-80. |
| [35] | Sun Y J, Zheng H J, Yang Z Y, Wang H Y, Zhang S W, Ma J. The effect of mechanical dry direct seeding on the absorption, transportation, and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in rice[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017, 33(3): 73-80. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [36] | 王英, 刘汝亮, 周丽娜, 洪瑜, 王芳, 冒辛平, 孙权. 宁夏旱直播水稻氮、磷、钾养分吸收规律研究[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2022, 63(6): 10-13. |
| [36] | Wang Y, Liu R L, Zhou L N, Hong Y, Wang F, Mao X P, Sun Q. A study on the absorption patterns of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in dry direct seeding rice in Ningxia[J]. Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Technology, 2022, 63(6): 10-13. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [37] | 袁嫚嫚, 孙义祥, 钟成虎, 王家宝, 邬刚, 胡鹏, 张祥明, 王文军, 井玉丹. 控释复合肥和播种量对机械旱直播水稻产量形成的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(9): 1700-1707. |
| [37] | Yuan M M, Sun Y X, Zhong C H, Wang J B, Wu G, Hu P, Zhang X M, Wang W J, Jing Y D. The Effect of Controlled release compound fertilizer and sowing rate on the yield formation of mechanically dried rice[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(9): 1700-1707. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [38] | 张建军, 刘红, 蒋小平, 李春元, 黄庆林, 张效瑕. 直播方式与播种量组合对水稻群体发育及产量构成的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(5): 1-7. |
| [38] | Zhang J J, Liu H, Jiang X P, Li C Y, Huang Q L, Zhang X X. The effect of the combination of direct seeding method and sowing amount on the population development and yield composition of rice[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(5): 1-7. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [39] | 陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666. |
| [39] | Chen Y, Li S Y, Zhu A, Liu K, Zhang Y J, Zhang H, Gu J F, Zhang W Y, Liu L J, Yang J C. The effects of sowing rate and nitrogen application rate on the yield and quality of high-quality taste direct seeding rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 656-666. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |