Chinese Journal OF Rice Science >
Super-high Yield Characteristics of Two-line Hybrid Rice Zhuoliangyou 1126
Received date: 2023-03-28
Revised date: 2023-09-19
Online published: 2024-03-14
【Objective】Uncovering the yield potential of hybrid rice and cultivating ultra-high-yielding varieties is both a scientific challenge and a strategic approach for ensuring food security through “innovative application of agricultural technology to increase farmland productivity”. The focus is on analyzing the formation pattern of super-high yield in hybrid rice Zhuoliangyou 1126, with the small-grain sterile line Zhuo 201S as the female parent, aiming to lay theoretical support for breeding high-quality and high-efficiency super hybrid rice.【Method】In 2022, Zhuoliangyou 1126 and three super rice varieties (Liangyoupeijiu, Y Liangyou 900, and Xiangliangyou 900) were cultivated in Longhui County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province. A systematic comparison was conducted on yield, yield components, dry matter accumulation, root system development, and lodging resistance between Zhuoliangyou 1126 and the three control varieties.【Result】Zhuoliangyou 1126 exhibited a significantly higher yield, with a 35.07% increase compared to Liangyoupeijiu, 17.84% compared to Y Liangyou 900, and 14.52% compared to Xiangliangyou 900. On the basis of stable 1,000-grain weight and seed setting rate, the yield increase in Zhuoliangyou 1126 was attributed to an increase in the total number of spikelets by striking a balance in the effective panicles and grains per panicle. Aboveground dry weight per stem, root dry weight, and root-shoot ratio of Zhuoliangyou 1126 were significantly higher than controls, indicating superior root system growth contributes to super-high yield formation. Zhuoliangyou 1126 exhibited moderate plant height, the total length of the basal three internodes, the length of the internodes under the panicle were both significantly higher than those of the controls, with the differences in the bending moment and bending resistance of the second node from the bottom between Zhuoliangyou 1126 and Xiangliangyou 900 being insignificant. Zhuoliangyou 1126 maintained strong lodging resistance together with increased plant height. Rice quality was rated Ministry Standard High Quality Grade 2, with a 5.53% yield increase under extreme high temperature compared to control Y Liangyou 1928. 【Conclusion】Zhuoliangyou 1126, maintaining stable thousand-grain weight and seed setting rate, significantly increases the total number of spikelets for super-high yield. The significant difference in grain size between the parents of Zhuoliangyou 1126 facilitates mechanized seed production through mixed sowing and harvesting, reducing seed production costs. Additionally, the 1,000-grain weight of small-grain sterile lines is only half that of conventional sterile lines. With the same seed production, the seeding area is doubled compared to conventional sterile lines, significantly cutting down the seed cost of hybrid rice. Therefore, Zhuoliangyou 1126, as a representative combination, exemplifies the “small grain seed, big grain rice” mode in its parentage, offering innovative solutions to current hybrid rice challenges and signaling a new development direction.
LIU Huimin, ZHOU Jieqiang, HU Yuanyi, TIAN Yan, LEI Bin, LI Jianwu, WEI Zhongwei, TANG Wenbang . Super-high Yield Characteristics of Two-line Hybrid Rice Zhuoliangyou 1126[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2024 , 38(2) : 160 -171 . DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2024.230307
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