A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of returning maize straw to field(RMSF) on grain yield and quality in rice with japonica Yangjing 4038 as material. The main results during three years (2009-2011) were as follows: 1) RMSF could increase total N content and organic matter content in paddy soil; 2) Under the condition of no nitrogen (N) applied, RMSF significantly increased grain yield by 18.9%-32.0%, when compared with CK (without maize straw returning); 3) Under the condition of sitespecific nitrogen management (SSNM), RMSF decreased N rate by 7.4%-16.7%, and increased grain yield by 0.5%-11.0%, enhanced partial factor productivity of N fertilizer by 18.0%-31.7%, when compared with CK; 4) Under the conditions of no N application or SSNM, RMSF significantly improved head rice rate, peak viscosity and breakdown value, reduced chalky grain rate, chalkiness, final viscosity and setback value without significant differences in brown rice rate, milled rice rate, amylose content and gel consistence when compared with CK. RMSF also increased protein content. The above results showed that RMSF was beneficial to soil fertilizing, and SSNM would help further reduce the amount of N rate and increase grain yield and quality of rice as well.
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