A semidwarfing rice mutant hya1， genetically unstable in plant height was obtained through space mutagenesis of Texianzhan 13. Compared to the wild type, hya1 mutant was featured by semidwarfness, fewer tillers, slim culms, reduced grain number per panicle, low seed setting rate and low germination rate. Segregation of plant height in selfed progenies of the mutant was observed. Normal plants of selfed progenies, however, showed genetic stability. Plant height of F1 hybrid and F2 progenies generated from the cross between hya1 mutant and Texianzhan 13 did not follow Mendelian inheritance. Furthermore, selfedprogenies of the mutant had abnormal chromosome numbers (e.g. 2n=22, 23, 25 and 36 instead of 2n= 24). In addition, there were some pollen mother cells of hya1 with 11 bivalents at the diakinesis stage of meiosis. Realtime quantitative PCR analysis of normal and semidwarf plants from selfed progenies of the mutant along with Texianzhan 13 showed equal copy number of chromosome in normal and wild type plants while the copy number of chromosome 8 and 11 differed in hya1and semidwarf plants from the selfed progenies. It suggested that hya1 mutant is a new aneuploid in which abnormal phenotype and genetic instability are caused by abnormal chromosome number and/or varying copy number of certain chromosomes.
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