Abstract: The developmental characters and abortive stages of pollen in autotetraploid rice Zijing-4x were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. The percentage of normal pollen was only 45.5%, and the total frequency of pollen aborted during developmental process was 54.5%. Some abnormal division had been observed at microspore mother cell meiosis stage, e.g. chromosome pairing abnormally, aberrant dyad formation and asynchronous dyad division. Most pollen abortion occurred at mononuclear pollen stage and late binuclear pollen stage. Typical, spherical and stained abortive rates were 214%, 5.0% and 28.1%, respectively. The pollen abortion might be attributed to abnormal division, which resulted from the abnormal pairing of doubled chromosomes.

Key words: autotetraploid rice, developmental biology, cytology, pollen, abortion

摘要： 利用激光扫描共聚焦显微技术观察了同源四倍体水稻紫粳4x花粉的发育过程及其败育时期和方式。在成熟花粉中正常花粉只占45.5％，还有54.5％的花粉在发育过程中发生败育。在小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中出现了一些异常现象，如染色体不能正常配对、形成异常二分体及二分体分裂不同步等现象。绝大部分花粉败育发生在单核小孢子期和二胞花粉晚期。在败育花粉中典败花粉粒占21.4％，圆败花粉粒占5.0％，染败花粉粒占28.1％。导致紫粳4x花粉败育的原因可能是由于其染色体数目加倍，在减数分裂过程中有些染色体不能正常配对，从而进行异常分裂造成的。

关键词: 同源四倍体水稻, 发育生物学, 细胞学, 花粉, 败育