中国水稻科学

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  Effects of Root-cutting Treatment on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Rice in Different Seedling-ages

LI Ying-hong, WANG Hai- yue, YAN Feng-jun, LI Na, SUN Yong-jian*, DAI Zou, XIE Hua-ying, MA Jun*   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Cultivation in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China

剪根处理对不同秧龄杂交稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

李应洪, 王海月, 严奉君, 李娜, 孙永健,* 代邹, 谢华英, 马均   

  1. 四川农业大学水稻研究所 / 农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川 温江611130

Abstract:

For the experiment of rice seedling physiological indexes, dry matter accumulation, root morphology and nitrogen (N) absorption characteristics after 0-48 hours and 1~29 days of root damage, through root-cutting 0/3, 1/3, 2/3, 3/3(control), 4 kinds of different level of root-cutting treatments under different seedling-ages (25 days and 40 days) before transplanting to the whole seedling root, with super hybrid rice F 498 as material and using dry nursery seedling raising manners. The results show there is different influence degree and reaction speed after root-cutting of different seedling-ages, proline and soluble sugar content showed significant peak after root-cutting of the seedlings under the two seedling-ages, root-cutting level is stronger with the higher peak, physiological resistance of 25 days seedling-age of seedlings after the root-cutting and recovery ability are significantly better than that of 40 days seedling-age of seedlings. From the root-cutting level see, root-cutting 1/3 treatment on seedling growth and even have a certain role in promoting of different seedling ages, 25 days of seedling-age with the treatment of root-cutting 1/3 after root-cutting 22 days, root length, surface area, shoot and root dry weight and the ratio of root to shoot is greater than that in the control. At the same time, N accumulation is significantly higher than that of control. The root surface area decreases with the increases of the root-cutting level in the whole period of 40 days seedling-age, and the root-cutting 1/3 treatment root shoot ratio is significantly greater than that of the control after root-cutting treatment in 22 days, also the shoot and root dry weight, root length, nitrogen accumulation and N content are greater than the control after treatment 29 days. The large degree of root-cutting will not only lead to the inhibition of root growth, but also will inhibit the absorption of nutrients seriously, so as to affect the growth and development of rice seedlings. This research provides the basis of the effect of rice seedling early growth and regreen survival under the rice injuring root transplanting seedlings

Key words: Hybrid rice, Seedling-age, Root-cutting level, Physiological characteristics

摘要:

以超级杂交稻F优498为材料,采用旱育秧方式育苗,设置不同秧龄(25 d和40 d)和幼苗伤根处理(整株根系剪1/3、剪2/3、全部剪除,以不剪根为对照),进行水培试验,以研究根系损伤后(0~48 h和1~29 d)的生理响应、物质积累、根系形态及氮素吸收的特性。结果表明,剪根后不同秧龄秧苗受影响的程度及反应速度不同,秧苗地上部脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均出现了明显峰值,伤根程度越大,峰值越高,到达峰值的时间越早;25 d秧龄的幼苗在剪根后的生理抗性及恢复能力均明显优于40 d秧龄的幼苗。从剪根程度来看,不同秧龄下,剪根1/3处理对幼苗生长甚至有一定促进作用,25 d秧龄下,剪根1/3处理在剪根处理后22 d,根系长度、表面积、地上部、根系干重以及根冠比均大于对照,同时该处理氮素积累显著高于对照;40 d秧龄下,整个时期的根系表面积均随剪根程度的增大而减小,剪根1/3处理在剪根处理后22 d,根冠比显著大于对照;处理后29 d,地上部、根系干重、根系长度、氮素积累量以及含氮率均大于对照。而伤根程度较大不仅会导致水稻幼苗根系生长受阻,同时会严重抑制对养分的吸收,从而影响水稻幼苗的生长发育。本研究为水稻移栽秧苗伤根对秧苗返青成活及前期生长的影响提供了依据。

关键词: 杂交稻, 秧龄, 剪根程度, 生理特性